High performance miniature endomicroscopic objective for non-linear imaging

We present a high-performance, miniaturized endoscopic water-immersion objective compactly designed for nonlinear imaging. Traditionally, miniature microscopic objectives have been prototyped using diamond turning or molding techniques. Here, a hybrid manufacturing method employing 2.5D lithography technology has been developed to achieve high numerical apertures and large fields of view within compact dimensions, thereby enhancing their effectiveness in clinical settings.