Orthopedic drilling breach sensory prevention system

Intraoperative guidance aids in placement of pedicle screws during operation but can still lead to misplacement, therefore breach, as reported from anywhere between 3% to 13% with minimally invasive operations and 2% to 35% for open screw placement. This study defines an algorithm for breach prevention during orthopedic drilling operations using a suite of sensory inputs including but not limited to distance, force, speed, vibration, and audio. An off the shelf drill press was retrofitted with 3D printed fixturing, the sensors, and was automated for a constant linear federate with a linear actuator. A Stryker System 6 drill was attached to the system and operated in a continuous rotational state at its maximum speed. The specimen used in the study are MDF, Plywood, Wood Stack (MDF+Plywood), and porcine bone. The results signify that breach can be detected preemptively through a sensor feedback combination algorithm and halted with 4.25mm remaining.