Roboscheduler: coordinating 50,000 observations over the five years of SDSS-V

The new Focal Plane Systems (FPS) built for the fifth iteration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V) at Las Campanas Observatory and Apache Point Observatory each consist of 500 robotic fiber positioners, feeding optical and infrared multi-object spectrographs, that can be arranged in configurations, internally called "designs", to match science targets in the night sky. SDSS-V plans to observe roughly 50,000 of these designs over the five-year survey, with up to 30 being observed on a single night at each observatory. Besides the sheer volume of designs, there are strict time domain requirements ("cadences") that must be respected in order to complete the signature SDSS time domain surveys. This complex set of requirements necessitates software that can ensure cadence requirements are always respected, in addition to normal observing requirements such as maximum sky brightness, moon distance, etc., while also optimizing the designs scheduled in a night to ensure all designs are completed by the end of the survey. We present an overview of the roboscheduler package which was developed to solve these problems.