Finite element-guided optimization techniques for affectionless of gravitational sag in NARIT 0.5-meter planetary imaging Cassegrain telescope through 6 whiffle tree mechanism

Over the past decade, the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT) has primarily focused on astrophysics and space science missions. NARIT currently operates a robotic national observatory system with 0.7-, 1.0-, and 2.4-meter telescopes. To enhance engineering capacity, we are developing a cost-efficient 0.5-meter Cassegrain telescope using an ultra-low expansion glass ceramic mirror (Clearceram-Z® HS). However, this material induces dynamic mirror bending during altitude adjustments, impacting astrophotography efficiency. This paper explores finite element-guided optimal engineering techniques, specifically adjusting the optomechanical support structure for the primary mirror. Calculating, designing, and simulating 6 Whiffle trees as actuators aim to minimize gravitational sag in curved mirrors. Determining optimal bolt lengths for the 0.5-meter in-house NARIT Cassegrain telescope, tested at the NARIT laboratory, is part of the process. Utilizing mechanical and optical design software, the study employs integrated simulation and co-simulation, validating their effectiveness in the primary experiment. The proposed optimization streamlines telescope adjustments.