Accurate colorectal cancer detection and delineation by probing superficial and deeper tissue biochemistry and microstructure using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Marcelo Saito Nogueira; Michael Raju; Jacqueline Gunther; Siddra Maryam; Michael Amissah; Shane Killeen; Huihui Lu; Micheal O’Riordain; Stefan Andersson-Engels

doi:10.1117/12.2609547

4 March 2022 Accurate colorectal cancer detection and delineation by probing superficial and deeper tissue biochemistry and microstructure using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Marcelo Saito Nogueira, Michael Raju, Jacqueline Gunther, Siddra Maryam, Michael Amissah, Shane Killeen, Huihui Lu, Micheal O’Riordain, Stefan Andersson-Engels

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Proceedings Volume 11943, Molecular-Guided Surgery: Molecules, Devices, and Applications VIII; 1194302 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2609547
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2022, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and the second most deadly type of cancer worldwide. Developing new technologies for accurate CRC detection/delineation for resection during microsurgery requires unveiling tissue biochemical and microstructural changes associated with carcinogenesis. These changes can be probed by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), which is capable of extracting tissue chromophore concentrations and scattering parameters. Previous CRC studies have been mostly restricted to chromophores in the visible region and analytical light diffusion models. In this study, we extended this wavelength range to 350–1919 nm and used the range between 450–1590 nm to extract tissue biochemical and microstructural parameters. This extraction was performed by using DRS spectral fitting based on a reflectance look-up table built using Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in tissues. Tissue parameters were used as an input to classification and regression tree algorithm to estimate parameter thresholds leading to best tissue differentiation for CRC detection/delineation. Differentiation between mucosa and tumor tissues was based on 2889 diffuse reflectance spectra from fresh ex vivo tissue samples from 47 subjects. All analyses were performed to investigate data of superficial tissue up to 1.1 mm and deeper tissue layers up to 1.8 mm. The most important parameters for CRC detection were total lipid content, water content, reduced scattering amplitude, Mie scattering power, and microvascular parameters. We not only confirmed the importance of these parameters with metrics in addition to statistical tests and classification models of our previous studies, but also extended the motivation of achieving successful tissue classification with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) higher than 90% with interpretable DRS spectral fitting parameters. Our analysis may have important clinical applications for the rapid diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia.

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Marcelo Saito Nogueira, Michael Raju, Jacqueline Gunther, Siddra Maryam, Michael Amissah, Shane Killeen, Huihui Lu, Micheal O’Riordain, and Stefan Andersson-Engels "Accurate colorectal cancer detection and delineation by probing superficial and deeper tissue biochemistry and microstructure using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy", Proc. SPIE 11943, Molecular-Guided Surgery: Molecules, Devices, and Applications VIII, 1194302 (4 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2609547

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