Photonics Applications and Web Engineering: WILGA 2017
Author(s):
Ryszard S. Romaniuk
Show Abstract
XLth Wilga Summer 2017 Symposium on Photonics Applications and Web Engineering was held on 28 May-4 June 2017. The Symposium gathered over 350 participants, mainly young researchers active in optics, optoelectronics, photonics, modern optics, mechatronics, applied physics, electronics technologies and applications. There were presented around 300 oral and poster papers in a few main topical tracks, which are traditional for Wilga, including: bio-photonics, optical sensory networks, photonics-electronics-mechatronics co-design and integration, large functional system design and maintenance, Internet of Things, measurement systems for astronomy, high energy physics experiments, and other. The paper is a traditional introduction to the 2017 WILGA Summer Symposium Proceedings, and digests some of the Symposium chosen key presentations. This year Symposium was divided to the following topical sessions/conferences: Optics, Optoelectronics and Photonics, Computational and Artificial Intelligence, Biomedical Applications, Astronomical and High Energy Physics Experiments Applications, Material Research and Engineering, and Advanced Photonics and Electronics Applications in Research and Industry.
Multiwavelength laser scattering tomography
Author(s):
Jacek Galas;
Dariusz Litwin;
Marek Wychowaniec;
Marek Daszkiewicz;
Kamil Radziak;
Tomasz Kozłowski;
Adam Czyżewski;
Jarosław Młyńczak;
Krzysztof Kopczyński;
Jarosław Kisielewski;
Ryszard Stępień;
Stefan Sitarek
Show Abstract
The phenomenon of laser light scattering provides the technology for visualization and testing the inner structure and homogeneity of materials. Some of them excited by the laser light in the tomographic process can emit light the wavelength of which is different than that of excitation laser. Such photoluminescence can be a source of additional information of the material’s structure. Combining the Laser Scattering Tomography (LST) and Spectrometry techniques has enabled us to develop a new type of an LST technique. The system is useful for investigations of various materials like semiconductors (Si, GaAs) ceramics, crystals for passive absorbers for high power pulse lasers, and laser crystals.
Mobile environment for an emission spectrometer
Author(s):
Kamil Radziak;
Dariusz Litwin;
Jacek Galas;
Anna Tyburska-Staniewska;
Andrzej Ramsza
Show Abstract
The paper describes a mobile application to be used in a chemical analytical laboratory. The program running under the control of Android operating system allows for preview of measurements recorded by the emission spectrometer. Another part of the application monitors operational and configuration parameters of the device in real time. The first part of this paper includes an overview of the atomic spectrometry. The second part contains a description of the application and its further potential development direction.
Response of a uniform optical fiber Bragg grating to strain with a non-smooth distribution: measurements and simulations
Author(s):
Małgorzata Detka
Show Abstract
The paper presents results of numerical analyses of the response of a uniform fiber Bragg grating subjected to a strain with non-smooth profile. Results of measurements of the response of the grating to a compressive strain correspond well with results of the simulation and show, that the induced strain profile of the grating causes a widening of its reflection spectrum with a considerable shape irregularity, dependent on the location of the point where slope of the strain profile changes abruptly, and on the maximum value of the strain.
Measurement of impulse current using polarimetric fiber optic sensor
Author(s):
Mariusz Ginter
Show Abstract
In the paper the polarimetric current sensing solution used for measurements of high amplitude currents and short durations is presented. This type of sensor does not introduce additional resistance and inductance into the circuit, which is a desirable phenomenon in this type of measurement. The magneto element is a fiber optic coil made of spun fiber optic. The fiber in which the core is twisted around its axis is characterized by a small effect of interfering magnitudes, ie mechanical vibrations and pressure changes on the polarimeter. The presented polarimetric current sensor is completely fiber optic.
Experimental results of a proposed sensor construction solution operating at 1550 nm and methods of elimination of influence values on the fiber optic current sensor were presented.
The sensor was used to measure the impulse current. The generated current pulses are characterized by a duration of 23μs and amplitudes ranging from 1 to 3.5 kA. The currents in the discharge circuit are shown. The measurement uncertainty of the amplitude of the electric current in the range of measured impulses was determined and estimated to be no more than 2%.
Modeling the characteristic of the optical wavelength discriminator with fiber Bragg grating
Author(s):
Aleksandra Sikora
Show Abstract
Using the transfer matrix method, the influence of fiber Bragg gratings' (FBG) characteristics on the optical wavelength discriminator characteristics was analyzed. The wavelength discriminator forms FBG and cooperates with the identical FBG sensor. The calculation was made for uniform and chirped FBGs. The comparison of the discriminators processing range measurement was analyzed. Presented results are crucial while choosing parameters of FBG used in constructing optical wavelength discriminators for strain and pressure sensor.
Asynchronous monitoring of the quality of multilevel optical PAM signals
Author(s):
J. Siuzdak
Show Abstract
In the paper, there is analyzed the signal quality assessment method based on delay tap asynchronous sampling, both for binary and multilevel PAM signals. The obtained multilevel phase diagrams are far more complicated than binary ones. The phase diagrams are affected by the signal distortions but it is difficult to relate reliably the phase diagram form to the distortion type and its influence on the signal quality.
Availability model of stand-alone photovoltaic system
Author(s):
G. Mazurek
Show Abstract
In this paper we present a simple, empirical model of stand-alone photovoltaic power system availability. The model is a final result of five-year long studies and ground measurements of solar irradiation carried out in Central Europe. The obtained results facilitate sizing of PV modules that have to be installed with taking into account system’s availability level in each month of a year. The model can be extended to different geographical locations, with help of local meteorological data or solar irradiation datasets derived from satellite measurements.
Optoelectronic systems for automatic vehicle counting and classification in rest areas
Author(s):
Grzegorz Wilczewski;
Tomasz Czarnecki;
Krzysztof Perlicki
Show Abstract
The following paper depicts an architectural layout and operational insights towards an optoelectronic system dedicated for vehicle counting and classification, designed to monitor occupancy of rest areas. The system is based upon an image cue acquisition by video cameras and advanced signal processing mechanism. In order to satisfy the appropriate realization of measurement procedure (counting and classification), a specific measurement configuration scheme alongside optimized video stream capturing parameters were set up. Concerning signal processing methods, the most effective and appropriate for the purpose of vehicle counting and classification were selected. Moreover, the article presents the outcomes of the designed measurement campaign conducted on the S7 expressway within the agenda of the National Center for Research and Development RID project. The results obtained with use of the designed methodology were compared to the outcomes of the manual method.
Optical properties of thin TiO2 film deposited on the fiber optic sensor head
Author(s):
Marzena Hirsch
Show Abstract
The presented study was focused on investigation of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film deposited on the fiber tip. The intention of this investigation was using TiO2 film in the construction of the optical fiber sensor head. In the demonstrated construction TiO2 thin layer was deposited on the tip of a commonly used telecommunication single mode optical fiber (SMF-28) by means of the Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Thickness of the fabricated film was 80 nm. The characterization of the optical properties focuses on the most significant factors for the application in the interferometric sensing devices, namely - spectral reflectance function and its thermal dependence. The measurements were performed using two broadband sources with central wavelengths of 1300 nm and 1550 nm. The examination of the sensitivity of reflectance spectra to the temperature changes were conducted for temperatures in the range from 25°C up to 150°C. Obtained results have showed that the investigated layer exhibited reflectance value 0.174 and 0.061 at 1300 nm and 1550 nm respectively. Moreover, while the variation of the measured signal intensity induced by temperature change is noticeable, no significant spectral shift is observed in the reflection function. Therefore the examined structure presents interesting choice for the use in the interferometric fiber optic sensors.
SSMF 1310nm dispersion characteristic influence on the 400 Gbit/s and 1000 Gbit/s ethernet physical layer design
Author(s):
Jarosław P. Turkiewicz;
Łukasz Chorchos
Show Abstract
In this paper, influence of the standard single mode fibre (SSMF) dispersion characteristic on the multi-wavelength 1310 nm wavelength domain 400 and 1000 Gbit/s transmission is investigated. The four-wave mixing (FWM) effect and residual chromatic dispersion can significantly limit the system performance. Limitations due to the FWM effect are studied for various types of SSMF fibre. Suppression of the FWM effect will require the channel spacing of at least 1.4 nm. The FWM effect can be suppressed in fibres with the large core area, allowing much higher input powers or narrower channel spacing. Further limitations due to the residual chromatic dispersion are evaluated and the capacity and transmission trade-off’s are studies in detail. It is shown that, the chromatic dispersion related limitations are pronounced for the wavelength channel allocation that is favorable from the manufacturing and installation point of view. These limitations can be omitted by the alignment of the wavelength channels to the zero-dispersion wavelength band and its management in the fibre infrastructure. The line rate of 40 Gbit/s outperforms the 50 Gbit/s taking into account the transmission capacity and distance. The presented results support development of 400 Gbit/s and 1000 Gbit/s Ethernet physical layer.
Modeling of Brillouin scattering in long-distance fiber optic links with bidirectional optical amplifiers
Author(s):
Karol Salwik;
Łukasz Śliwczyński;
Przemysław Krehlik
Show Abstract
For the dissemination of precise signals from atomic clocks (like e.g. cesium clocks/fountains, H-masers or optical clocks) an optical link operating bi-directionally over the same fiber is essential. In such a link stimulated Brillouin scattering is one of the non-linear effects that may reduce the power of forward optical signal and convert it into the noise that propagates in the backward direction. In the link that uses a number of bi-directional optical amplifiers, the conditions that trigger the Brillouin scattering process may occur relatively easily because of large effective length for the scattering process. Thus in the design phase of the link, checking of the conditions for Brillouin scattering should be a part of optimization procedure (i.e. optimizing bi-directional amplifiers gains). In the paper we consider the mathematical model of the stimulated Brillouin scattering in the long distance, fiber optic links with multiple bidirectional optical amplifiers. The model was implemented in Matlab and consists of the coupled differential equations describing the propagation of pump and scattered signals that develops due to spontaneous scattering. The presence of bi-directional optical amplifiers is modeled as point-like discontinuity of the α parameter that is used to represent the attenuation of the fiber. These discontinuities create an extra level of difficulty when numerically solving the coupled equations (the problem is stiff) so special algorithm is presented that iteratively searches for the solution. The obtained results were compared with the measurements of the real link to confirm the correctness of the solution.
Analysis of impact long period Bragg gratings parameters on their spectral transmission characteristics
Author(s):
P. Stępniak;
P. Kisała
Show Abstract
To prepare this paper, near 100 different LPGs were researched with simulations. Length (2cm-4cm), period (100μm- 400μm), deep of refractive index modulation (0,0001-0,0004) of LPGs and their apodization was the input variables. The changes of peaks dynamic, their full width at half maximum, location (resonance wavelength) and noise was observed. On the basis of this, transient characteristics describing searched dependences was designated.
Two-channel MIMO-OCC transmission system on a smartphone
Author(s):
M. Kowalczyk
Show Abstract
The possibility of using MIMO technique for purpose of increasing information capacity of optical camera communication systems (OCC) has been experimentally proved in regard to a smartphone used as a receiver. Among others, a successful 2-channel transmission at a distance longer than 4 m has been presented. By use of traditional modulation schemes the throughputs which can be achieved in the OCC systems are typically only a few dozen bits per second. The MIMO is promising technique to overcome this limitation.
Spaceborne linear array imager's spatial resolution for arbitrary viewing angles
Author(s):
Valentin G. Kolobrodov;
Catherine V. Dobrovolska;
Volodymyr I. Mykytenko;
Grygorij S. Tymchik;
Volodymyr M. Tiagur;
Paweł Komada;
Assel Mussabekova;
Aliya Targeusizova;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
Simplified model of image forming in spaceborne linear array sensors at arbitrary sight angles is proposed in this paper. On basis of evaluation of system "lens - linear array detector" modulation transfer function (MTF), the equations were obtained that allow you to determine spatial resolution on Earth’s surface. An example of pushbroom imager’s MTF determination at sight of Nadir and with different slopes of lens optical axis is given. Image quality changes, which accompany lens optical axis angular inclination were studied. More research needed to determine the impact of lens aberrations on imager’s MTF with arbitrary viewing angles.
Lamp of adjustable spectrum for photographic usage
Author(s):
Adam Mazikowski;
Mateusz Feldzensztajn
Show Abstract
Photography is a unique rapidly growing interdisciplinary field encompassing aspects of science, art and technology. Expectations of photographers are steadily increasing with the development of technology. One of the areas playing a crucial role in photography is lighting. Consequently, several types of light sources for photographic use have been developed. The ongoing research in this field concentrates on lamps with tunable CCT (Correlated Color Temperature). In this paper, we present a lamp, which emission spectrum can be tailored without affecting the output luminous ux. Intended for photographic uses, the lamp is based on an integrating sphere and a selection of LEDs. As the LED drivers, DC-DC converters controlled by a Raspberry PI were applied. Design process, including the selection of LED wavelengths, is presented. Output characteristics of the lamp were measured using the setup containing the spectrometer. The results of these experiments show good agreement with the spectrum set on the microcomputer.
Control algorithms of multi-color LED lighting fixtures
Author(s):
Łukasz Budzyński
Show Abstract
The article presents a model of LED lighting fixture. Component LED sources emit light in the range of red, green and blue. To mix the luminous flux from a particular sources, a cylindrical mixer made of PMMA was used. Furthermore, the paper presents the mathematical foundations of the light-mixing algorithm derived from the three different colored sources.
Optical switching using IP protocol
Author(s):
Andres J. Utreras;
Luis Gusqui;
Andres Reyes;
Ricardo I. Mena;
Gennady L. Licenko;
Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev;
Paweł Komada;
Saule Luganskaya;
Gulzhan Kashaganova
Show Abstract
To understand and evaluate the Optical Layer, and how it will affect the IP protocols over WDM (Switching), the present analyse is proposed. Optical communications have attractive proprieties, but also have some disadvantages, so the challenge is to combine the best of both branches. In this paper, general concepts for different options of switching are reviewed as: optical burst switching (OBS) and automatically switching optical network (ASON). Specific details such as their architectures are also discussed. In addition, the relevant characteristics of each variation for switching are reviewed.
The temperature tracking system based on fiber Bragg grating and Peltier module
Author(s):
Radosław Ławrynowicz;
Paweł Gąsior;
Konrad Markowski
Show Abstract
Temperature measurement is regarded to be straightforward by means of standard electronic sensors, however, it becomes considerably more challenging if the sensor is exposed to strong electromagnetic interference or harsh environmental conditions such as e.g. chemical agents. In some cases, the problem may be solved by remote sensors, as pyrometers, but their application is conditioned by the possibility of the direct object observation, which is often excluded.
In this contribution a solution is presented which allows for the temperature tracking in the fiber optic system which facilitates temperature measurements of distant, subjected to the harsh environment objects by transferring their temperatures to the Peltier module. The idea of the system is to adjust the temperature of the reference FBG (at the measurement stage) to the temperature of the sensor FBG with the use of the Peltier module and thus recover its temperature to have it measured with an arbitrary method.
As all electronic part of the system can be installed far from the harsh environment and the system consists of low-cost optical and electronic components, the idea may be found competitive with other methods of the temperature measurements in onerous applications.
Long time stability of lamps with nanostructural carbon field emission cathodes
Author(s):
J. Kalenik;
P. Firek;
J. Szmidt;
E. Czerwosz;
M. Kozłowski;
I. Stępińska;
T. Wódka
Show Abstract
A luminescent lamp with field emission cathode was constructed and tested. Phosphor excited by electrons from field emission cathode is the source of light. The cathode is covered with nickel-carbon film containing multilayer carbon nanotubes that enhance electron emission from the cathode. Results of luminance stability measurements are presented. Luminance of elaborated luminance lamp is high enough for lighting application. Long term stability (1000 hours) is satisfactory for mass lamp application. Initial short time decrease of luminance is still too high and it needs reduction.
Thermo-optical method and a means of measuring mass fraction control of liquefied petroleum gas components
Author(s):
Yosyp Y. Bilynsky;
Bogdan P. Knysh;
Pavlo M. Ratushny;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Żaklin M. Grądz;
Ulan Bainazarov;
Vitaly Morarenkov;
Assel Mussabekova
Show Abstract
The paper presents the research results to increase the probability of mass fractions measuring control of liquefied petroleum gas components, which has various temperatures by defining the density of the liquid phase. The thermooptical method for measuring control of mass fractions of liquefied petroleum gas components is presented in the paper. The measuring conversion function of the refractive index of liquefied petroleum gas was improved based on the proposed method. Based on research conducted it was developed the device of optoelectronic mass fraction measuring of liquefied petroleum gas components. The estimation of static metrological characteristics of control device measuring channel for the liquefied petroleum gas components mass fractions. The control device basic errors are defined as well.
Efficiency of optical-electronic systems: methods application for the analysis of structural changes in the process of eye grounds diagnosis
Author(s):
Yosyp R. Saldan;
Sergii V. Pavlov;
Dina V. Vovkotrub;
Yulia Y. Saldan;
Valentina B. Vassilenko;
Nadia I. Mazur;
Daria V. Nikolaichuk;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Ryszard Romaniuk;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Ulan Bainazarov
Show Abstract
Process of eye tomogram obtaining by means of optical coherent tomography is studied.
Stages of idiopathic macula holes formation in the process of eye grounds diagnostics are considered. Main stages of retina pathology progression are determined: Fuzzy logic units for obtaining reliable conclusions regarding the result of diagnosis are developed. By the results of theoretical and practical research system and technique of retinal macular region of the eye state analysis is developed ; application of the system, based on fuzzy logic device, improves the efficiency of eye retina complex.
Color transfer by fitting clouds of color points
Author(s):
Rafał Protasiuk;
Władysław Skarbek
Show Abstract
Color transfer methods can alter color appearance in the input image by borrowing color statistics from the reference image. In this paper we present a novel color transfer method in which we consider both input and reference images as three-dimensional sets of data samples, where each color based component can be represented as a 3D cloud of data points. Our goal is to fit position, orientation and scale of color-component clouds from reference to input image by finding proper geometric transformation. Besides global processing approach we also present local color transfer method by applying our proposed algorithm to color segmented parts of images. We use pixel clustering for image segmentation to find groups of dominant colors pixels in each of input and reference images. Experimental results and comparisons with other methods confirm the validity and usefulness of presented method.
Using lights in a volume-oriented rendering
Author(s):
Sergey I. Vyatkin;
Sergii A. Romanyuk;
Sergii V. Pavlov;
Larysa E. Nykiforova;
Maksat Kolimoldayev;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Egor Gurov
Show Abstract
This paper highlights lights in a volume-oriented rendering which features a lot of advanced techniques intended to synthesize a highly realistic visual environment for a diverse set of applications.
Comparison of optical flow algorithms performance on flame image sequences
Author(s):
J. Tanaś;
A. Kotyra
Show Abstract
Analyzing flame image sequences of co-combusting pulverized coal and biomass can be used to determine the state of
this very complex process. Considering dynamic changes between successive frames of such video streams the optical
flow algorithms could be applied for di-agnostic purposes. The paper discusses effectiveness and performance of two
approaches (sparse and dense optical flow) applied for several video streams of co-combusting biomass and pulverized
coal, recorded with different combustion settings with a high-speed camera at the laboratory stand.
Object detection in images with low light condition
Author(s):
Roman Kvyetnyy;
Roman Maslii;
Volodymyr Harmash;
Ilona Bogach;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Żaklin Grądz;
Aizhan Zhanpeisova;
Nursanat Askarova
Show Abstract
Images acquired by computer vision systems under low light conditions are characterized by the existence of noises. As a rule, it results in decreasing object detection rate. To increase the object detection rate, the proper image preprocessing algorithm is needed. The paper presents the image denoising method based on bilateral filtering and wavelet thresholding. The boosting method for object detection that uses the modified Haar-like features which include Haar-like features and symmetrical local binary patterns are proposed. The proposed algorithm allows increasing object detection rate in comparison with Viola-Jones method for a case of face detection task. The algorithm was tested on the two image sets, Yale B and the proprietary – VNTU-458.
Fiber optic interferometric force sensor with reduced temperature sensitivity
Author(s):
Łukasz Zychowicz
Show Abstract
The paper presents a fiber optic force sensor with reduced temperature sensitivity. The sensor operates in the configuration of a birefringent fiber based Sagnac interferometer, where the measured quantity induces a change of the birefringence and in consequence a shift of the interferometer spectrum. In order to reduce the temperature sensitivity of the sensor, the fiber was attached to the cantilever beam acting as the force transducer only in two points (or in one point) and not along the whole length of the sensing segment of the fiber as in the previous design. Several versions of attaching the fiber to the beam were investigated, which make it possible to change the sensitivity of the sensor in a wide range. The transfer curve of the sensor was calculated analytically and then measured for the different versions of the sensor. The temperature sensitivity of the sensor was also measured and compared to the temperature sensitivity of the original design.
Reference LED source of subnanosecond pulses of broadband optical radiation
Author(s):
S. Voronov;
O. Genkin;
V. Genkina;
V. Rodionov;
R. Romaniuk;
P. Kisała;
J. Klimek;
N. Askarova;
S. Luganskaya
Show Abstract
The aim of this work is the development of a reference source of subnanosecond pulses based on SiC breakdown LEDs. The micro-alloy technology of p-n junctions based on SiC-6H with a diameter of about 50 microns has been developed. The capacity of such structures does not exceed 10-20 pF. The high stability and current overload resistance of the samples were provided by the uniform microplasma breakdown structure. The breakdown electroluminescence spectrum of the investigated samples was flat and covered the range of 400-800 nm and the relaxation time did not exceed 0,25 ns (a time resolution of measuring system). The radiation power was about 10-6 W/A.
Application of the Fractional Fourier Transform for dispersion compensation in signals from a fiber-based Fabry-Perot interferometer
Author(s):
Marcin Mrotek;
Jerzy Pluciński
Show Abstract
Optical methods of measurement do not require contact of a probe and the object under study, and thus have found use in a broad range of applications such as nondestructive testing (NDT), where noninvasive measurement is crucial. Measuring the refractive index of a material can give a valuable insight into its composition. Low‑coherence radiation sources enable measurement of the sample’s properties across a wide spectrum, while simultaneously measuring the absolute value of optical path difference between interfering waves, which is necessary to calculate the refractive index. The measurement setup used in this study consists of a fiber‑based Fabry‑Perot interferometer, illuminated by a low‑coherence infrared source. The samples under measurement are located in the cavity of the interferometer, and their transmission spectra are recorded using an optical spectrum analyzer. Additional reference measurements are performed with the cavity filled with air, in order to precisely measure the geometrical length of the cavity. The purpose of the study was to develop a digital signal processing algorithm to improve the resolution of analysis of the spectra of radiation measured at the output of the interferometer. This goal was achieved by decreasing the broadening of the signal in the Fourier domain caused by dispersion of the medium filling the cavity. The Fractional Fourier Transform is a generalization of the Fourier transform allowing arbitrary rotation of the signal in the time-frequency domain, allowing more precise analysis of signals with variable frequency. This property makes this transformation a valuable tool for the analysis of interferometric signals obtained from measurements of dispersive media, as the variable rate of change of the optical path length with respect to wavenumber in such media results in varying frequency of the modulation of measured spectra. The optical path difference inside the material under measurement is used together with the geometrical length obtained from the reference measurement in order to determine the refractive index. The parameters of the transformation are found by iterative adjustment to the signal under analysis. The developed algorithm was tested using both real measured spectra and simulated signals based on a theoretical model of the interferometric setup, and its effectiveness was compared to previously used methods of analysis. It was found to increase the resolution of analysis up to the Fourier limit that occurs in signals with no dispersion.
The influence of CTFBG gratings physical parameters on their spectral properties
Author(s):
Jacek Klimek;
Krzysztof Skorupski;
Damian Harasim
Show Abstract
This paper presents the spectral properties of chirped tilted Bragg gratings (CTFBG) written on photosensitive optical
fiber by using phase mask technique and excimer laser. The dependencies of manufactured structures spectra on three
various values of chirp: 0,1 nm/cm, 1 nm/cm, 10nm/cm and gratings tilt angle in 0° to 2,5° range with 0,5° change have
been shown in all combinations. Influence of temperature changes in -40°C to 180°C range on measured spectra have
been investigated. We showed the dependencies of CTFBG spectral parameters in various cases of periodic refractive
index variations angle and different chirp values given in manufacturing process.
Virtual reality for spherical images
Author(s):
Rafal Pilarczyk;
Władysław Skarbek
Show Abstract
Paper presents virtual reality application framework and application concept for mobile devices. Framework
uses Google Cardboard library for Android operating system. Framework allows to create virtual reality 360
video player using standard OpenGL ES rendering methods. Framework provides network methods in order to
connect to web server as application resource provider. Resources are delivered using JSON response as result
of HTTP requests. Web server also uses Socket.IO library for synchronous communication between application
and server. Framework implements methods to create event driven process of rendering additional content based
on video timestamp and virtual reality head point of view.
Comparison of PAM and CAP modulations robustness against mode partition noise in optical links
Author(s):
Grzegorz Stepniak
Show Abstract
Mode partition noise (MPN) of the laser employed at the transmitter can significantly degrade the transmission performance. In the paper, we introduce a simulation model of MPN in vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and simulate transmission of pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and carrierless amplitude phase (CAP) signals in multimode fiber (MMF) link. By turning off other effects, like relative intensity noise (RIN), we focus solely on the influence of MPN on transmission performance degradation. Robustness of modulation and equalization type against MPN is studied.
Design and fabrication principles of chirped tapered fiber-Bragg-grating-based Fabry-Perot cavity
Author(s):
Konrad Markowski;
Kazimierz Jędrzejewski;
Tomasz Osuch
Show Abstract
This paper presents a method for writing a Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity in the tapered fiber. General idea for writing the F-P
cavity in tapered fiber is based on utilization of chirped tapered fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBG) in counter-directional
configuration. In such approach, the chirp resulting from tapered fiber and linearly increasing periods of the grating, cancel
each other out. Presented numerical results consists of qualitative model, that provides the general design approach, as
well as quantitative analysis, that allows for more detailed studies on presented structure. For this purpose Coupled Mode
Theory (CMT) together with Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) were utilized.
Detection system for optical coherence tomography: Czerny-Turner spectrometer
Author(s):
Aleksandra Kamińska
Show Abstract
Research methods based on spectral analysis have powerful impact on development in many field of science. Signal spectrum can be a source of useful and important data. It enables to obtain information about physical and chemical properties of tested materials. This paper has been devoted to describe optical design for high resolution spectrometer, which is significant element of optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems. Designed spectrometer is working in visible range (450-830 nm). Czerny-Turner configuration enables to correcting astigmatism and coma aberration over full bandwidth. Moreover, spectrometer has uncomplicated construction. Merely, two mirrors and diffraction gratings allows to design low – cost spectrometer with satisfying optical properties. Spectrum detection has been realized using CMOS line scan sensors with 6144 pixels. It provides high speed and resolution of the system.
Temperature fiber Bragg grating based sensor for respiration monitoring
Author(s):
Andrzej Manujło;
Tomasz Osuch
Show Abstract
In this paper a new concept of human breath detection by means of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based temperature sensor
is reported. In presented approach, temperature of exhaled air is directly measured by FBG, and its Bragg wavelength
changes allow for determine breathing rate. Experimental results of comparison the FBG sensor with electronic one,
show significant advantages of our solution, especially when faster and/or plate breathing is detected. Another advantage
of proposed fiber Bragg grating based breathing rate sensor is its ability to work in the high electromagnetic field
environment, for example during the magnetic resonance imaging.
Optical transmission testing based on asynchronous sampling techniques: images analysis containing chromatic dispersion using convolutional neural network
Author(s):
T. Mrozek;
K. Perlicki;
T. Tajmajer;
P. Wasilewski
Show Abstract
The article presents an image analysis method, obtained from an asynchronous delay tap sampling (ADTS) technique, which is used for simultaneous monitoring of various impairments occurring in the physical layer of the optical network. The ADTS method enables the visualization of the optical signal in the form of characteristics (so called phase portraits) that change their shape under the influence of impairments such as chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and ASE noise. Using this method, a simulation model was built with OptSim 4.0. After the simulation study, data were obtained in the form of images that were further analyzed using the convolutional neural network algorithm. The main goal of the study was to train a convolutional neural network to recognize the selected impairment (distortion); then to test its accuracy and estimate the impairment for the selected set of test images. The input data consisted of processed binary images in the form of two-dimensional matrices, with the position of the pixel. This article focuses only on the analysis of images containing chromatic dispersion.
Katome: de novo DNA assembler implemented in rust
Author(s):
Łukasz Neumann;
Robert M. Nowak;
Wiktor Kuśmirek
Show Abstract
Katome is a new de novo sequence assembler written in the Rust programming language, designed with respect to future parallelization of the algorithms, run time and memory usage optimization. The application uses new algorithms for the correct assembly of repetitive sequences. Performance and quality tests were performed on various data, comparing the new application to `dnaasm', `ABySS' and `Velvet' genome assemblers. Quality tests indicate that the new assembler creates more contigs than well-established solutions, but the contigs have better quality with regard to mismatches per 100kbp and indels per 100kbp. Additionally, benchmarks indicate that the Rust-based implementation outperforms `dnaasm', `ABySS' and `Velvet' assemblers, written in C++, in terms of assembly time. Lower memory usage in comparison to `dnaasm' is observed.
Encoding of compatible micro-operations in LUT-based FSMs
Author(s):
Kamil Mielcarek;
Alexander Barkalov;
Larysa Titarenko
Show Abstract
This article shows a method of encoding of microoperations for LUT-based Mealy FSMs. The proposed design approach is based on two methods of structural decomposition of FSMs for diminishing the number of arguments for input memory functions in output functions. This method is viewed as an alternative to the encoding of collections of output functions. An example of design is given.
On a concept of computer game implementation based on a temporal logic
Author(s):
Emilia Szymańska;
Marek J. Adamek;
Jan J. Mulawka
Show Abstract
Time is a concept which underlies all the contemporary civilization. Therefore, it was necessary to create mathematical tools that allow a precise way to describe the complex time dependencies. One such tool is temporal logic. Its definition, description and characteristics will be presented in this publication. Then the authors will conduct a discussion on the usefulness of this tool in context of creating storyline in computer games such as RPG genre.
Reducing hardware in FPGA-based Mealy FSM
Author(s):
Małgorzata Kołopieńczyk;
Larysa Titarenko;
Kamil Mielcarek;
Alexander Barkalov
Show Abstract
This article is devoted to design of Mealy FSM with FPGAs using embedded memory blocks and look-up table elements. There is presented the state-of-the-art. The method is proposed for design of Mealy FSM logic circuit with embedded memory blocks based on encoding of collections of outputs and replacement of inputs. Example of design and research results are given.
Hardware realization of an SVM algorithm implemented in FPGAs
Author(s):
Remigiusz Wiśniewski;
Grzegorz Bazydło;
Paweł Szcześniak
Show Abstract
The paper proposes a technique of hardware realization of a space vector modulation (SVM) of state function switching in matrix converter (MC), oriented on the implementation in a single field programmable gate array (FPGA). In MC the SVM method is based on the instantaneous space-vector representation of input currents and output voltages. The traditional computation algorithms usually involve digital signal processors (DSPs) which consumes the large number of power transistors (18 transistors and 18 independent PWM outputs) and “non-standard positions of control pulses” during the switching sequence. Recently, hardware implementations become popular since computed operations may be executed much faster and efficient due to nature of the digital devices (especially concurrency).
In the paper, we propose a hardware algorithm of SVM computation. In opposite to the existing techniques, the presented solution applies COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) method to solve the trigonometric operations. Furthermore, adequate arithmetic modules (that is, sub-devices) used for intermediate calculations, such as code converters or proper sectors selectors (for output voltages and input current) are presented in detail.
The proposed technique has been implemented as a design described with the use of Verilog hardware description language. The preliminary results of logic implementation oriented on the Xilinx FPGA (particularly, low-cost device from Artix-7 family from Xilinx was used) are also presented.
Implementation of reversible gates in FPGA structure
Author(s):
Marek Pawłowski;
Zbigniew Szymański
Show Abstract
The paper presents reversible circuits modelling methods in the FPGA structures. Three different methods of reconfigurable reversible gate descriptions are proposed - a direct method of output calculation and two methods of composing the gate from Fredkin and Toffoli gates. The paper shows both 4-bit and 8-bit gates. Application of developed test bench verified the correctness of our designs. The presented descriptions can be used for modelling of complex elements used e.g. in cipher machines based on quantum algorithms.
Analysing efficiency of IPv6 packet transmission over 6LoWPAN network
Author(s):
Adam Kozłowski;
Janusz Sosnowski
Show Abstract
Practical proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) concept depends upon communication efficiency in the related network. In the paper we outline basic features of wireless communication protocols used in IoT and concentrate on analysing communication overheads. In particular, we discuss the impact of IPv6 packet length on 6LoWPAN network operation with physical and MAC layer defined by IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The presented analysis methodology is useful in estimation of the total goodput (throughput at the application level) and energy consumptions within the whole traffic model which are the crucial features of IoT networks.
Investigation of circuit features of the immittance modulo-2 adder realization
Author(s):
Nikolay A. Filinyuk;
Lyudmila B. Lishchynska;
Alexander A. Lazarev;
Volodymyr P. Stakhov;
Aron Burlibay;
Tomasz Ławicki;
Miergul Kozhambardiyeva
Show Abstract
A scheme of an immittance modulo-2 adder (XOR logical gate) and its mathematical model are developed and described in the paper. Influence of destabilizing factors: instability of the transmission line wave resistance, Q-factor of the input impedance resistances and frequency instability of the reference oscillator on characteristics of the immittance modulo-2 adder is considered.
Smile detectors correlation
Author(s):
Kivanc Yuksel;
Xin Chang;
Władysław Skarbek
Show Abstract
The novel smile recognition algorithm is presented based on extraction of 68 facial salient points (fp68) using the ensemble of regression trees. The smile detector exploits the Support Vector Machine linear model. It is trained with few hundreds exemplar images by SVM algorithm working in 136 dimensional space. It is shown by the strict statistical data analysis that such geometric detector strongly depends on the geometry of mouth opening area, measured by triangulation of outer lip contour. To this goal two Bayesian detectors were developed and compared with SVM detector. The first uses the mouth area in 2D image, while the second refers to the mouth area in 3D animated face model. The 3D modeling is based on Candide-3 model and it is performed in real time along with three smile detectors and statistics estimators. The mouth area/Bayesian detectors exhibit high correlation with fp68/SVM detector in a range [0:8; 1:0], depending mainly on light conditions and individual features with advantage of 3D technique, especially in hard light conditions.
Reversible gates and circuits descriptions
Author(s):
Krzystof Gracki
Show Abstract
This paper presents basic methods of reversible circuit description. To design reversible circuit a set of gates has to be chosen. Most popular libraries are composed of three types of gates so called CNT gates (Control, NOT and Toffoli). The gate indexing method presented in this paper is based on the CNT gates set. It introduces a uniform indexing of the gates used during synthesis process of reversible circuits. The paper is organized as follows. Section 1 recalls basic concepts of reversible logic. In Section 2 and 3 a graphical representation of the reversible gates and circuits is described. Section 4 describes proposed uniform NCT gates indexing. The presented gate indexing method provides gate numbering scheme independent of lines number of the designed circuit. The solution for a circuit consisting of smaller number of lines is a subset of solution for a larger circuit.
A method of reversible circuits synthesis based on s-maps
Author(s):
Andrzej Skorupski
Show Abstract
This paper presents an original method to designing reversible circuits. The main problem of reversible circuits synthesis is designing optimal reversible circuits i.e. circuits with minimal gates number implementing the given reversible function. To design reversible circuits a set of gates must be chosen. The most popular library is a set called CNT (Control, NOT and Toffoli) which contains three types of gates. The method presented in this paper is based on the CNT gates. A graphical representation of the reversible function called s-maps is introduced in the paper. This representation allows to find optimal solutions. The paper is organized as follows. Section 1 recalls basic concepts of reversible logic. In Section 2 a graphical representation of the reversible functions is presented. Section 3 describes the algorithm whereby any optimal solutions of the given function could be obtained.
Using a software-defined computer in teaching the basics of computer architecture and operation
Author(s):
Julia Kosowska;
Grzegorz Mazur
Show Abstract
The paper describes the concept and implementation of SDC_One software-defined computer designed for experimental and didactic purposes. Equipped with extensive hardware monitoring mechanisms, the device enables the students to monitor the computer’s operation on bus transfer cycle or instruction cycle basis, providing the practical illustration of basic aspects of computer’s operation. In the paper, we describe the hardware monitoring capabilities of SDC_One and some scenarios of using it in teaching the basics of computer architecture and microprocessor operation.
Theoretical basis, principles of design, and experimental study of the prototype of perfect AFCS transmitting signals without coding
Author(s):
A. Platonov;
Ie. Zaitsev;
L. J. Opalski
Show Abstract
The paper presents an overview of design methodology and results of experiments with a Prototype of highly efficient optimal adaptive feedback communication systems (AFCS), transmitting low frequency analog signals without coding. The paper emphasizes the role of the forward transmitter saturation as the factor that blocked implementation of theoretical results of pioneer (1960-1970s) and later research on FCS. Deepened analysis of the role of statistical fitting condition in adequate formulation and solution of AFCS optimization task is given. Solution of the task – optimal transmission/reception algorithms is presented in the form useful for elaboration of the hardware/software Prototype. A notable particularity of the Prototype is absence of the encoding/decoding units, whose functions are realized by the adaptive pulse amplitude modulator (PAM) of the forward transmitter (FT) and estimating/controlling algorithm in the receiver of base station (BS). Experiments confirm that the Prototype transmits signals from FT to BS “perfectly”: with the bit rate equal to the capacity of the system, and with limit energy [J/bit] and spectral [bps/Hz] efficiency. Another, not less important and confirmed experimentally, particularity of AFCS is its capability to adjust parameters of FT and BS to the characteristics of scenario of application and maintain the ideal regime of transmission including spectralenergy efficiency. AFCS adjustment can be made using BS estimates of mean square error (MSE). The concluding part of the paper contains discussion of the presented results, stressing capability of AFCS to solve problems appearing in development of dense wireless networks.
Complementary filter implementation in the dynamic language Lua
Author(s):
Damian Sadowski;
Aleksander Sawicki;
Donatas Lukšys;
Zdenek Slanina
Show Abstract
The article presents the complementary filter implementation, that is used for the estimation of the
pitch angle, in Lua script language. Inertial sensors as accelerometer and gyroscope were used in the study.
Methods of angles estimation using acceleration and angular velocity sensors were presented in the theoretical part of the article. The operating principle of complementary filter has been presented. The prototype of Butterworth's analogue filter and its digital equivalent have been designed. Practical implementation of the issue was performed with the use of PC and DISCOVERY evaluation board equipped with STM32F01 processor, L3GD20 gyroscope and LS303DLHC accelerometer. Measurement data was transmitted by UART serial interface, then processed with the use of Lua software and
luaRS232 programming library.
Practical implementation was divided into two stages. In the first part, measurement data has been recorded and then processed with help of a complementary filter. In the second step,
coroutines mechanism was used to filter data in real time.
Simulation of data safety components for corporative systems
Author(s):
Svetlana A. Yaremko;
Elena M. Kuzmina;
Tamara O. Savchuk;
Valeriy E. Krivonosov;
Andrzej Smolarz;
Abenov Arman;
Saule Smailova;
Aliya Kalizhanova
Show Abstract
The article deals with research of designing data safety components for corporations by means of mathematical simulations and modern information technologies. Simulation of threats ranks has been done which is based on definite values of data components. The rules of safety policy for corporative information systems have been presented. The ways of realization of safety policy rules have been proposed on the basis of taken conditions and appropriate class of valuable data protection.
Logic synthesis of n-ary quantitative relations
Author(s):
Grzegorz Łabiak
Show Abstract
This contribution shows how to express mathematical abstract notion of n-ary relation by means of Boolean equations. The main criterion of the relation examined in the paper is quantitative criterion, where elements of the domain sets of the relation can be compared just like ordinal numbers, that is can be greater than, equal to or greater or equal to.
Investigation of tracking systems properties in CAVE-type virtual reality systems
Author(s):
Magda Szymaniak;
Adam Mazikowski;
Michał Meironke
Show Abstract
In recent years, many scientific and industrial centers in the world developed a virtual reality systems or laboratories. One of the most advanced solutions are Immersive 3D Visualization Lab (I3DVL), a CAVE-type (Cave Automatic Virtual Environment) laboratory. It contains two CAVE-type installations: six-screen installation arranged in a form of a cube, and four-screen installation, a simplified version of the previous one.
The user feeling of “immersion” and interaction with virtual world depend on many factors, in particular on the accuracy of the tracking system of the user. In this paper properties of the tracking systems applied in I3DVL was investigated. For analysis two parameters were selected: the accuracy of the tracking system and the range of detection of markers by the tracking system in space of the CAVE.
Measurements of system accuracy were performed for six-screen installation, equipped with four tracking cameras for three axes: X, Y, Z. Rotation around the Y axis was also analyzed. Measured tracking system shows good linear and rotating accuracy. The biggest issue was the range of the monitoring of markers inside the CAVE. It turned out, that the tracking system lose sight of the markers in the corners of the installation. For comparison, for a simplified version of CAVE (four-screen installation), equipped with eight tracking cameras, this problem was not occur. Obtained results will allow for improvement of cave quality.
Modeling of luminance distribution in CAVE-type virtual reality systems
Author(s):
Michał Meironke;
Adam Mazikowski
Show Abstract
At present, one of the most advanced virtual reality systems are CAVE-type (Cave Automatic Virtual Environment) installations. Such systems are usually consisted of four, five or six projection screens and in case of six screens arranged in form of a cube. Providing the user with a high level of immersion feeling in such systems is largely dependent of optical properties of the system. The modeling of physical phenomena plays nowadays a huge role in the most fields of science and technology. It allows to simulate work of device without a need to make any changes in the physical constructions.
In this paper distribution of luminance in CAVE-type virtual reality systems were modelled. Calculations were performed for the model of 6-walled CAVE-type installation, based on Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory, situated at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics at the Gdańsk University of Technology. Tests have been carried out for two different scattering distribution of the screen material in order to check how these characteristicinfluence on the luminance distribution of the whole CAVE.
The basis assumption and simplification of modeled CAVE-type installation and results were presented. The brief discussion about the results and usefulness of developed model were also carried out.
The research of the availability at cloud service systems
Author(s):
Ivan Demydov;
Mykhailo Klymash;
Zenoviy Kharkhalis;
Bohdan Strykhaliuk;
Paweł Komada;
Indira Shedreyeva;
Aliya Targeusizova;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
This paper is devoted to the numerical investigation of the availability at cloud service systems. In this paper criteria and constraints calculations were performed and obtained results were analyzed for synthesis purposes of distributed service platforms based on the cloud service-oriented architecture such as availability and system performance index variations by defined set of the main parameters. The method of synthesis has been numerically generalized considering the type of service workload in statistical form by Hurst parameter application for each integrated service that requires implementation within the service delivery platform, which is synthesized by structural matching of virtual machines using combination of elementary servicing components up to functionality into a best-of-breed solution.
As a result of restrictions from Amdahl's Law the necessity of cloud-networks clustering was shown, which makes it possible to break the complex dynamic network into separate segments that simplifies access to the resources of virtual machines and, in general, to the "clouds" and respectively simplifies complex topological structure, enhancing the overall system performance.
In overall, proposed approaches and obtained results numerically justifying and algorithmically describing the process of structural and functional synthesis of efficient distributed service platforms, which under process of their configuring and exploitation provides an opportunity to act on the dynamic environment in terms of comprehensive services range and nomadic users’ workload pulsing.
Cloud-based mobility management in heterogeneous wireless networks
Author(s):
Serhii Kravchuk;
Dmytro Minochkin;
Zbigniew Omiotek;
Ulan Bainazarov;
Róża Weryńska-Bieniasz;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
Mobility management is the key feature that supports the roaming of users between different systems. Handover is the essential aspect in the development of solutions supporting mobility scenarios. The handover process becomes more complex in a heterogeneous environment compared to the homogeneous one. Seamlessness and reduction of delay in servicing the handover calls, which can reduce the handover dropping probability, also require complex algorithms to provide a desired QoS for mobile users. A challenging problem to increase the scalability and availability of handover decision mechanisms is discussed. The aim of the paper is to propose cloud based handover as a service concept to cope with the challenges that arise.
Optical transducers with frequency output
Author(s):
Oleksandr V. Osadchuk;
Volodymyr S. Osadchuk;
Iaroslav O. Osadchuk;
Maksat Kolimoldayev;
Paweł Komada;
Kanat Mussabekov
Show Abstract
In this work the characteristics research of microelectronic transducers of optical radiation with a frequency output signal on the basis of a hybrid integrated circuit consisting of a bipolar and a field-effect transistor with a Schottky barrier is presented. The connection of an external inductance to electrodes a collector - drain allows to implement the auto generating device. The frequency of the device generation depends on power of optical radiation falling on photosensing elements as a photoresistor, photodiode and photosensing transistors switched on in a circuit of the self-excited oscillator. The impedance on electrodes the collector - drain of bipolar and field transistors has capacitive reactive part and negative active resistance, which compensates power losses in a tuning circuit of the device. On the base of a nonlinear equivalent circuit of the transducer on an alternating current the analytical expressions of function of transformation and equation of sensitivity are obtained. The sensitivity of optical transducers lays in a range from 25 kHz/μWt/cm2 up to 150 kHz/μWt/cm2.
The technology of searching the associative rules while developing the software
Author(s):
Tamara O. Savchuk;
Natalia V. Pryimak;
Azat Assembay;
Tomasz Zyska;
Mukhtar Junisbekov;
Azamat Annabaev
Show Abstract
It is shown that there are not enough productive methods that can help project managers to create and choose the effective strategies of organizing software development process. By using designed algorithm and mathematical model it's possible to find associative rules that are informative and can help project managers with forming effective process of creating software.
Algorithm of parallel: hierarchical transformation and its implementation on FPGA
Author(s):
Leonid I. Timchenko;
Mykola S. Petrovskiy;
Natalia I. Kokryatskay;
Alexander S. Barylo;
Sofia V. Dembitska;
Dmytro S. Stepanikuk;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Tomasz Zyska;
Svetlana Uvaysova;
Indira Shedreyeva
Show Abstract
In this paper considers the algorithm of laser beam spots image classification in atmospheric-optical transmission systems. It discusses the need for images filtering using adaptive methods, using, for example, parallel-hierarchical networks. The article also highlights the need to create high-speed memory devices for such networks. Implementation and simulation results of the developed method based on the PLD are demonstrated, which shows that the presented method gives 15-20% better prediction results than similar methods.
Towards scalable Byzantine fault-tolerant replication
Author(s):
Maciej Zbierski
Show Abstract
Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) replication is a powerful technique, enabling distributed systems to remain available and correct even in the presence of arbitrary faults. Unfortunately, existing BFT replication protocols are mostly load-unscalable, i.e. they fail to respond with adequate performance increase whenever new computational resources are introduced into the system. This article proposes a universal architecture facilitating the creation of load-scalable distributed services based on BFT replication. The suggested approach exploits parallel request processing to fully utilize the available resources, and uses a load balancer module to dynamically adapt to the properties of the observed client workload. The article additionally provides a discussion on selected deployment scenarios, and explains how the proposed architecture could be used to increase the dependability of contemporary large-scale distributed systems.
Research of neural network classifier in speaker recognition module for automated system of critical use
Author(s):
Mykola M. Bykov;
Viacheslav V. Kovtun;
Andrzej Smolarz;
Mukhtar Junisbekov;
Aliya Targeusizova;
Maksabek Satymbekov
Show Abstract
The article studies the dependence of the quality of speakers recognition by convolutional neural network from the type of chosen informative features for use it in automated systems for critical use especially when they are used in the environmental influences. The environmental influences are the noise of high level with a spectrum that correlates with the spectrum of the speech signal or the signal of speaker simulator. Сonvolutional network operation principles for the case of speaker signal recognition, as well as experiments on neural network training and the recognition of speakers on a test samples have been considered. According to the research, it was concluded that the bark-cepstral coefficients make it possible to perform recognition with greater reliability than the spectral parameters of the signal.
High-speed counters in Fibonacci numerical system
Author(s):
Olexiy Azarov;
Olexandr Chernyak;
Paweł Komada;
Miergul Kozhambardiyeva;
Aliya Kalizhanova
Show Abstract
Possibility of executing the carriers and borrowings by means of elementary additive transformations in the process of calculation in Fibonacci numerical system is substantiated. Methods of counting in the given numerical system, based on the usage of information redundancy are suggested. The methods consist in the fact that at every step executed all possible elementary addition transformations of code in the counter simultaneously with adding one. The suggested methods enable to construct up-, down- and up/down counters with high speed, independent on the data capacity and small hardware cost that linearly grow with the increase of the capacity. Schemes of structural organization of one digit for each of the suggested methods are given.
PPRM-based approach to synthesis of reversible functions
Author(s):
Jerzy Jegier;
Paweł Kerntopf
Show Abstract
This work proposes a PPRM-based technique for the synthesis of reversible circuits with reduced quantum cost (QC) in generated circuits. Initially, a PPRM cube-list structure is provided as input. Next, the PPRM cubes shared by coordinate functions of a given reversible function are grouped together and each cube is translated to a group of Toffoli reversible gates, similarly to ESOP-based methods. Experimental results show that for important benchmarks with up to 17 variables the presented approach generates circuits with smaller QC than the most successful previous approaches.
Adaptive compression methods of data based on Fibonacci linear forms
Author(s):
Volodymyr A. Luzhetsky;
Liudmyla A. Savytska;
Tetiana I. Troianovska;
Zbigniew Omiotek;
Aron Burlibay;
Miergul Kozhambardiyeva;
Gulzhan Kashaganova
Show Abstract
A generalized model of adaptive compression of data is presented. The peculiarities of numerical model forming of data source are considered. Three methods of adaptive compression of data based on the Fibonacci linear form involving the use of a set of numerical models of data source are suggested and studied.
C code generation from Petri-net-based logic controller specification
Author(s):
Michał Grobelny;
Iwona Grobelna;
Andrei Karatkevich
Show Abstract
The article focuses on programming of logic controllers. It is important that a programming code of a logic controller is executed flawlessly according to the primary specification. In the presented approach we generate C code for an AVR microcontroller from a rule-based logical model of a control process derived from a control interpreted Petri net. The same logical model is also used for formal verification of the specification by means of the model checking technique. The proposed rule-based logical model and formal rules of transformation ensure that the obtained implementation is consistent with the already verified specification. The approach is validated by practical experiments.
Research of a filter on the parallel contour on L-, C-negatrons
Author(s):
Alexander A. Lazarev;
Elena V. Voytsekhovskaya;
Aron Burlibay;
Tomasz Zyska;
Baglan Imanbek;
Żaklin Grądz
Show Abstract
In the paper a filter on the parallel resonant circuit on L-, C-negatrons is suggested. The parallel resonant circuit on L-, C-negatrons is investigated. Stability of the contour and frequency characteristics are considered. Experimental researches of the contour on the circuitry analogues of negatrons are conducted. Use of L-, C-negatrons improves the frequency-selective properties of the filter. Simulation of the filter on circuitry analogues of L-, C-negatrons on operational amplifiers LF400C is done. The simulation results showed improvement of frequency selectivity of the filter characteristics by reducing the phase distortion.
Self-powered information measuring wireless networks using the distribution of tasks within multicore processors
Author(s):
Iryna M. Zhuravska;
Oleksandra O. Koretska;
Maksym P. Musiyenko;
Wojciech Surtel;
Azat Assembay;
Vladimir Kovalev;
Akmaral Tleshova
Show Abstract
The article contains basic approaches to develop the self-powered information measuring wireless networks (SPIM-WN) using the distribution of tasks within multicore processors critical applying based on the interaction of movable components – as in the direction of data transmission as wireless transfer of energy coming from polymetric sensors. Base mathematic model of scheduling tasks within multiprocessor systems was modernized to schedule and allocate tasks between cores of one-crystal computer (SoC) to increase energy efficiency SPIM-WN objects.
Modeling and implementation of concurrent logic controllers with use of Petri nets, LSMs, and sequent calculus
Author(s):
J. Tkacz;
A. Bukowiec;
M. Doligalski
Show Abstract
The paper presentes the method of modeling and implementation of concurrent controllers. Concurrent controllers are specified by Petri nets. Then Petri nets are decomposed using symbolic deduction method of analysis. Formal methods like sequent calculus system with considered elements of Thelen's algorithm have been used here. As a result, linked state machines (LSMs) are received. Each FSM is implemented using methods of structural decomposition during process of logic synthesis. The method of multiple encoding of microinstruction has been applied. It leads to decreased number of Boolean function realized by combinational part of FSM. The additional decoder could be implemented with the use of memory blocks.
Influence of radiation on metastability-based TRNG
Author(s):
Piotr Z. Wieczorek;
Zbigniew Wieczorek
Show Abstract
This paper presents a True Random Number Generator (TRNG) based on Flip-Flops with violated timing constraints. The proposed circuit has been implemented in a Xilinx Spartan 6 device. The TRNG circuit utilizes the metastability phenomenon as a source of randomness. Therefore, in the paper the influence of timing constraints on the flip-flop metastability proximity is discussed. The metastable range of operation enhances the noise influence on a Flip-Flop behavior. Therefore, the influence of an external stochastic source on the flip-flop operation is also investigated. For this purpose a radioactive source of radiation was used. According to the results shown in the paper the radiation increases the unpredictability of the metastable process of flip-flops operating as the randomness source in the TRNG. The statistical properties of TRNG operating in an increased radiation conditions were verified with the NIST battery of statistical tests.
Secure TRNG with random phase stimulation
Author(s):
Piotr Z. Wieczorek
Show Abstract
In this paper a novel TRNG concept is proposed which is a vital part of cryptographic systems. The proposed TRNG involves phase variability of a pair of ring oscillators (ROs) to force the multiple metastable events in a flip-flop (FF). In the solution, the ROs are periodically activated to ensure the violation of the FF timing and resultant state randomness, while the TRNG circuit adapts the structure of ROs to obtain the maximum entropy and circuit security. The TRNG can be implemented in inexpensive re-programmable devices (CPLDs or FPGAs) without the use of Digital Clock Managers (DCMs). Preliminary test results proved the circuit's immunity to the intentional frequency injection attacks.
Functional integration of automated system databases by means of artificial intelligence
Author(s):
Volodymyr M. Dubovoi;
Olena D. Nikitenko;
Maksat Kalimoldayev;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Konrad Gromaszek;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
The paper presents approaches for functional integration of automated system databases by means of artificial intelligence. The peculiarities of turning to account the database in the systems with the usage of a fuzzy implementation of functions were analyzed. Requirements for the normalization of such databases were defined. The question of data equivalence in conditions of uncertainty and collisions in the presence of the databases functional integration is considered and the model to reveal their possible occurrence is devised. The paper also presents evaluation method of standardization of integrated database normalization.
Concept of information technology of monitoring and decision-making support
Author(s):
Aleksandr S. Kovalenko;
Sergey V. Tymchyk;
Sergey V. Kostyshyn;
Sergey M. Zlepko;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Aron Burlibay;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
Presented concept of information technology monitoring and decision support to determine the health of students. The preconditions of a concept formulated its goal and purpose.
Subject area concepts proposed to consider a set of problems, grouped into 8 categories, which in turn necessitates the application when creating technology basic principles from the principles of "first head" and "systems approach" to the principles of "interoperability" and "system integration ".
The content of the information providing IT, its position in the segment of single information space, stages of creation. To evaluate the efficiency of the IT system developed proposed criteria.
The approach to engineering tasks composition on knowledge portals
Author(s):
Rina Novogrudska;
Larysa Globa;
Alexsander Schill;
Ryszard Romaniuk;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Gaini Karnakova;
Aliya Kalizhanova
Show Abstract
The paper presents an approach to engineering tasks composition on engineering knowledge portals. The specific
features of engineering tasks are highlighted, their analysis makes the basis for partial engineering tasks integration. The
formal algebraic system for engineering tasks composition is proposed, allowing to set the context-independent formal
structures for engineering tasks elements’ description. The method of engineering tasks composition is developed that
allows to integrate partial calculation tasks into general calculation tasks on engineering portals, performed on user
request demand. The real world scenario «Calculation of the strength for the power components of magnetic systems» is
represented, approving the applicability and efficiency of proposed approach.
Grayscale morphological filter based on local statistics
Author(s):
Anatolii I. Povoroznyuk;
Anna E. Filatova;
Lyudmyla M. Kozak;
Olena V. Ignashchuk;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Nurbek Orshubekov;
Saule Smailova;
Gaini Karnakova
Show Abstract
The paper presents a method of improving a quality of radiological images for use in medical diagnosing. The method consists in grayscale morphological filtering that is based on local statistics. The essence of the proposed method is a proper modification of Wiener filter using both median and quantiles as local statistics of the morphological filter.
An application of PSO algorithm for multi-criteria geometry optimization of printed low-pass filters based on conductive periodic structures
Author(s):
Adam Steckiewicz;
Boguslaw Butrylo
Show Abstract
In this paper we discussed the results of a multi-criteria optimization scheme as well as numerical calculations of periodic conductive structures with selected geometry. Thin printed structures embedded on a flexible dielectric substrate may be applied as simple, cheap, passive low-pass filters with an adjustable cutoff frequency in low (up to 1 MHz) radio frequency range. The analysis of an electromagnetic phenomena in presented structures was realized on the basis of a three-dimensional numerical model of three proposed geometries of periodic elements. The finite element method (FEM) was used to obtain a solution of an electromagnetic harmonic field. Equivalent lumped electrical parameters of printed cells obtained in such manner determine the shape of an amplitude transmission characteristic of a low-pass filter. A nonlinear influence of a printed cell geometry on equivalent parameters of cells electric model, makes it difficult to find the desired optimal solution. Therefore an optimization problem of optimal cell geometry estimation with regard to an approximation of the determined amplitude transmission characteristic with an adjusted cutoff frequency, was obtained by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A dynamically suitable inertia factor was also introduced into the algorithm to improve a convergence to a global extremity of a multimodal objective function. Numerical results as well as PSO simulation results were characterized in terms of approximation accuracy of predefined amplitude characteristics in a pass-band, stop-band and cutoff frequency. Three geometries of varying degrees of complexity were considered and their use in signal processing systems was evaluated.
WebGL and web audio software lightweight components for multimedia education
Author(s):
Xin Chang;
Kivanc Yuksel;
Władysław Skarbek
Show Abstract
The paper presents the results of our recent work on development of contemporary computing platform DC2 for multimedia education usingWebGL andWeb Audio { the W3C standards. Using literate programming paradigm the WEBSA educational tools were developed. It offers for a user (student), the access to expandable collection of WEBGL Shaders and web Audio scripts. The unique feature of DC2 is the option of literate programming, offered for both, the author and the reader in order to improve interactivity to lightweightWebGL andWeb Audio components. For instance users can define: source audio nodes including synthetic sources, destination audio nodes, and nodes for audio processing such as: sound wave shaping, spectral band filtering, convolution based modification, etc. In case of WebGL beside of classic graphics effects based on mesh and fractal definitions, the novel image processing analysis by shaders is offered like nonlinear filtering, histogram of gradients, and Bayesian classifiers.
Reduction in spontaneous firing of mouse excitatory layer 4 cortical neurons following visual classical conditioning
Author(s):
Marek Bekisz;
Ninad Shendye;
Ida Raciborska;
Andrzej Wróbel;
Wioletta J. Waleszczyk
Show Abstract
The process of learning induces plastic changes in neuronal network of the brain. Our earlier studies on mice showed
that classical conditioning in which monocular visual stimulation was paired with an electric shock to the tail enhanced
GABA immunoreactivity within layer 4 of the monocular part of the primary visual cortex (V1), contralaterally to the
stimulated eye. In the present experiment we investigated whether the same classical conditioning paradigm induces
changes of neuronal excitability in this cortical area. Two experimental groups were used: mice that underwent 7-day
visual classical conditioning and controls. Patch-clamp whole-cell recordings were performed from ex vivo slices of
mouse V1. The slices were perfused with the modified artificial cerebrospinal fluid, the composition of which better
mimics the brain interstitial fluid in situ and induces spontaneous activity. The neuronal excitability was characterized by
measuring the frequency of spontaneous action potentials. We found that layer 4 star pyramidal cells located in the
monocular representation of the “trained” eye in V1 had lower frequency of spontaneous activity in comparison with
neurons from the same cortical region of control animals. Weaker spontaneous firing indicates decreased general
excitability of star pyramidal neurons within layer 4 of the monocular representation of the "trained" eye in V1. Such
effect could result from enhanced inhibitory processes accompanying learning in this cortical area.
Fractional kinetics of compartmental systems: first approach with use digraph-based method
Author(s):
Konrad Andrzej Markowski
Show Abstract
In the last two decades, integral and differential calculus of a fractional order has become a subject of great interest in different areas of physics, biology, economics and other sciences. The idea of such a generalization was mentioned in 1695 by Leibniz and L'Hospital. The first definition of the fractional derivative was introduced by Liouville and Riemann at the end of the 19th century. Fractional calculus was found to be a very useful tool for modelling the behaviour of many materials and systems. In this paper fractional calculus was applied to pharmacokinetic compartmental model. For introduced model determine all possible quasi-positive realisation based on one-dimensional digraph theory. The proposed method was discussed and illustrated in detail with some numerical examples.
Characterization of electrical appliances in transient state
Author(s):
Augustyn Wójcik;
Wiesław Winiecki
Show Abstract
The article contains the study about electrical appliance characterization on the basis of power grid signals. To represent devices, parameters of current and voltage signals recorded during transient states are used. In this paper only transients occurring as a result of switching on devices are considered. The way of data acquisition performed in specialized measurement setup developed for electricity load monitoring is described. The paper presents the method of transients detection and the method of appliance parameters calculation. Using the set of acquired measurement data and appropriate software the set of parameters for several household appliances operating in different operating conditions was processed. Usefulness of appliances characterization in Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring System (NIALMS) with the use of proposed method is discussed focusing on obtained results.
Customizing FP-growth algorithm to parallel mining with Charm++ library
Author(s):
Marek Puścian
Show Abstract
This paper presents a frequent item mining algorithm that was customized to handle growing data repositories. The proposed solution applies Master Slave scheme to frequent pattern growth technique. Efficient utilization of available computation units is achieved by dynamic reallocation of tasks. Conditional frequent trees are assigned to parallel workers basing on their workload. Proposed enhancements have been successfully implemented using Charm++ library. This paper discusses results of the performance of parallelized FP-growth algorithm against different datasets. The approach has been illustrated with many experiments and measurements performed using multiprocessor and multithreaded computer.
Reversible synthesis of incompletely specified Boolean functions using functional decomposition
Author(s):
Mariusz Rawski;
Piotr Szotkowski
Show Abstract
Conventional microelectronic technology reaches its limits, and reversible logic circuits might address at least one of the problems: unwanted energy dissipation. Unfortunately, current methods of reversible function synthesis have certain limitations, including suboptimal handling of incompletely specified Boolean functions and yielding circuit sizes (and costs) that can be vastly improved upon. This paper presents the application of functional decomposition as a crucial step in synthesis of reversible logic that cost-efficiently implements incompletely specified Boolean functions. A decomposition of an incompletely specified Boolean function into a network of smaller sub-functions, subsequently synthesized into reversible blocks and composed into a reversible system, yields significantly better results than direct reversible synthesis of the original, incompletely specified Boolean function. The experimental results presented in this paper demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach.
Encoding of chain outputs in FPGA-based Moore FSMs
Author(s):
Alexander Barkalov;
Larysa Titarenko;
Jacek Bieganowski
Show Abstract
A method of hardware reduction is proposed for logic circuits of Moore FSMs implemented with FPGAs. The
method is based on replacement of the state register by a state counter. The specific of the proposed method is
that the counter content is incremented for unconditional and conditional transitions. An example of application
of proposed method is given.
Load shifting with the use of home energy management system implemented in FPGA
Author(s):
Grzegorz Bazydło;
Szymon Wermiński
Show Abstract
The increases for power demand in the Electrical Power System (EPS) causes a significant increase of power in daily load curve and transmission line overload. The large variability in energy consumption in EPS combined with unpredictable weather events can lead to a situation in which to save the stability of the EPS, the power limits must be introduced or even industrial customers in a given area have to be disconnected, which causes financial losses. Nowadays, a Transmission System Operator is looking for additional solutions to reduce peak power, because existing approaches (mainly building new intervention power unit or tariff programs) are not satisfactory due to the high cost of services in combination with insufficient power reduction effect. The paper presents an approach to load shifting with the use of home Energy Management System (EMS) installed at small end-users. The home energy management algorithm, executed by EMS controller, is modeled using Unified Modeling Language (UML). Then, the UML model is translated into Verilog description, and is finally implemented in the Field Programmable Gate Arrays. The advantages of the proposed approach are the relatively low cost of reduction service, small loss of end-users’ comfort, and the convenient maintenance of EMS. A practical example illustrating the proposed approach and calculation of potential gains from its implementation are also presented.
Mathematical models of production systems development based on optimal aggregation methodology
Author(s):
Taisa M. Borovska;
Inna V. Vernigora;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Konrad Gromaszek;
Saule Smailova;
Zhassulan Orazbekov
Show Abstract
The theoretical fundamentals and principles of development models and methods of the production systems development
processes optimization, based on optimal aggregation methodology are proposed. The new approach is a generalization
and development of the methods of maximum and dynamic programming principle. The characteristic feature of the
given approach from its analogues – decomposition of multidimensional optimization problem in one-dimensional tasks
system. On the base of resource links graph analysis between the elements of production systems binary tree of optimal
aggregation is built. As a result, the multidimensional nonlinear model of the production system is replaced with the
equivalent by input-output one-dimensional element, for which variation problem of the optimal development with
integral criterion of the first kind is solved.
The efficiency analysis of HTTP/2 protocol
Author(s):
Oleh O. Kovaliuk;
Dmytro O. Kovaliuk;
K. Gromaszek;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Saule Smailova
Show Abstract
The basic features of the HTTP/2 protocol were described. The experiment on website performance with different versions of HTTP protocols was conducted. Practical recommendations of using HTTP protocol have been discussed.
Threats and risks to information security: a practical analysis of free access wireless networks
Author(s):
Daniel I. Quirumbay;
Iván A. Coronel;
Marcia M. Bayas ;
Ronald H. Rovira;
Konrad Gromaszek;
Akmaral Tleshova ;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
Nowadays, there is an ever-growing need to investigate, consult and communicate through the internet. This need leads
to the intensification of free access to the web in strategic and functional points for the benefit of the community.
However, this open access is also related to the increase of information insecurity. The existing works on computer
security primarily focus on the development of techniques to reduce cyber-attacks. However, these approaches do not
address the sector of inexperienced users who have difficulty understanding browser settings. Two methods can solve
this problem: first the development of friendly browsers with intuitive setups for new users and on the other hand, by
implementing awareness programs on essential security without deepening on technical information. This article
addresses an analysis of the vulnerabilities of wireless equipment that provides internet service in the open access zones
and the potential risks that could be found when using these means.
Quality of content delivery in computer specialists training system
Author(s):
Olexiy D. Azarov;
Tetiana I. Troianovska;
Liudmyla A. Savytska;
Tamara O. Savchuk;
Larysa E. Nykyforova;
Volodymyr A. Otryshko;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Konrad Gromaszek;
Ainur Kozbekova;
Azhan Sagymbekova
Show Abstract
The given work is devoted to research of perception content features by computerized training system students on cluster analysis base. As a result of experiment was revealed that content giving in the offered computerized training systems is more effective in comparison with the traditional approach. The proof is the increase of good student’s cluster.
Generation of medium frequency electrotherapeutic signals
Author(s):
Mirosław Płaza;
Zbigniew Szcześniak;
Jolanta Dudek
Show Abstract
In this paper, generation methods of sinusoidal medium frequency electrotherapeutic signals have been studied. Signals of this type are increasingly used in electrotherapy owing to the development of both physical medicine and engineering sciences. The article presents analysis and comparison of analogue and digital methods of generation therapeutic signals. Analysis presented in the paper attempts to answer the question which technique of medium frequency signal generation can be most broadly applied in electrotherapy methods.
Improvement of carbon nanotubes films conductivity for use in biomedical application
Author(s):
Łucja Dybowska-Sarapuk;
Daniel Janczak;
Jakub Krzemiński;
Sandra Lepak;
Agnieszka Łękawa-Raus;
Anna Młożniak;
Małgorzata Jakubowska
Show Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns and sheets due to their biocompatibility, very good mechanical strength and flexibility can find wide range of applications in nanomedicine, inter alia as mechanical actuators for artificial muscles or electrodes used for deep brain stimulation. However, because of CNT film behavior in liquid environment, before their using in biological applications, they should be coated with a special protective layer. The purpose of created coatings is not only to protect the films, but also to increase their conductivity. The aim of the research was to test various methods of achieving such coatings on CNT films and to evaluate quality and flexibility of coated CNT films. The coatings were made using various suspensions containing polymer materials such methyl polymethacrylate and conductive silver flakes. The methods tested in this study were: dipping, painting and flooding of the CNT yarns.
New tool to assemble repetitive regions using next-generation sequencing data
Author(s):
Wiktor Kuśmirek;
Robert M. Nowak;
Łukasz Neumann
Show Abstract
The next generation sequencing techniques produce a large amount of sequencing data. Some part of the genome are composed of repetitive DNA sequences, which are very problematic for the existing genome assemblers. We propose a modification of the algorithm for a DNA assembly, which uses the relative frequency of reads to properly reconstruct repetitive sequences. The new approach was implemented and tested, as a demonstration of the capability of our software we present some results for model organisms. The new implementation, using a three-layer software architecture was selected, where the presentation layer, data processing layer, and data storage layer were kept separate. Source code as well as demo application with web interface and the additional data are available at project web-page: http://dnaasm.sourceforge.net.
Signal processing system for electrotherapy applications
Author(s):
Mirosław Płaza;
Zbigniew Szcześniak
Show Abstract
The system of signal processing for electrotherapeutic applications is proposed in the paper. The system makes it possible to model the curve of threshold human sensitivity to current (Dalziel’s curve) in full medium frequency range (1kHz-100kHz). The tests based on the proposed solution were conducted and their results were compared with those obtained according to the assumptions of High Tone Power Therapy method and referred to optimum values. Proposed system has high dynamics and precision of mapping the curve of threshold human sensitivity to current and can be used in all methods where threshold curves are modelled.
DNASynth: a software application to optimization of artificial gene synthesis
Author(s):
Jan Muczyński;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
DNASynth is a client-server software application in which the client runs in a web browser. The aim of this program is to support and optimize process of artificial gene synthesizing using Ligase Chain Reaction. Thanks to LCR it is possible to obtain DNA strand coding defined by user peptide. The DNA sequence is calculated by optimization algorithm that consider optimal codon usage, minimal energy of secondary structures and minimal number of required LCR. Additionally absence of sequences characteristic for defined by user set of restriction enzymes is guaranteed. The presented software was tested on synthetic and real data.
Localizing wushu players on a platform based on a video recording
Author(s):
Piotr M. Pęczek;
Wojciech M. Zabołotny
Show Abstract
This article describes the development of a method to localize an athlete during sports performance on a platform, based on a static video recording. Considered sport for this method is wushu – martial art. However, any other discipline can be applied. There are specified requirements, and 2 algorithms of image processing are described. The next part presents an experiment that was held based on recordings from the Pan American Wushu Championship. Based on those recordings the steps of the algorithm are shown. Results are evaluated manually. The last part of the article concludes if the algorithm is applicable and what improvements have to be implemented to use it during sports competitions as well as for offline analysis.
Mobile optogenetic modules for mice
Author(s):
Konstantin Rusakov;
Czesław Radzewicz;
Rafał Czajkowski;
Witold Konopka;
Joanna Chilczuk
Show Abstract
We present a set of novel optogenetic devices for mice freely moving in cages. The purpose of the devices is to stimulate specific brain regions using light. The devices we have constructed consist of an electrical connector, cannula and micro- LED chip operating at 470 nm as light source for delivering light into the stimulated region of the mouse brain. We have also demonstrated light conversion from 470 nm to 590 nm by applying a silicate orange phosphor directly to the LED chip. The measured conversion efficiency is approximately 80% for ZIP595I phosphor. We discuss the properties of various forms of implant needles with respect to the ease of LED attachment and experimental validation of the constructed optogenetic implants.
RF-based power distribution system for optogenetic experiments
Author(s):
Tomasz A. Filipek;
Grzegorz H. Kasprowicz
Show Abstract
In this paper, the wireless power distribution system for optogenetic experiment was demonstrated. The design and the analysis of the power transfer system development is described in details. The architecture is outlined in the context of performance requirements that had to be met. We show how to design a wireless power transfer system using resonant coupling circuits which consist of a number of receivers and one transmitter covering the entire cage area with a specific power density. The transmitter design with the full automated protection stage is described with detailed consideration of the specification and the construction of the transmitting loop antenna. In addition, the design of the receiver is described, including simplification of implementation and the minimization of the impact of component tolerances on the performance of the distribution system. The conducted analysis has been confirmed by calculations and measurement results. The presented distribution system was designed to provide 100 mW power supply to each of the ten possible receivers in a limited 490 x 350 mm cage space while using a single transmitter working at the coupling resonant frequency of 27 MHz.
Genomecmp: computer software to detect genomic rearrangements using markers
Author(s):
Maciej Kulawik;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
Detection of genomics rearrangements is a tough task, because of the size of data to be processed. As genome sequences may consist of hundreds of millions symbols, it is not only practically impossible to compare them by hand, but it is also complex problem for computer software. The way to significantly accelerate the process is to use rearrangement detection algorithm based on unique short sequences called markers. The algorithm described in this paper develops markers using base genome and find the markers positions on other genome. The algorithm has been extended by support for ambiguity symbols.
Web application with graphical user interface has been created using three-layer architecture, where users could run the task simultaneously.
The accuracy and efficiency of proposed solution has been studied using generated and real data.
CuGene as a tool to view and explore genomic data
Author(s):
Michał Haponiuk;
Magdalena Pawełkowicz;
Zbigniew Przybecki;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
Integrated CuGene is an easy-to-use, open-source, on-line tool that can be used to browse, analyze, and query genomic data and annotations. It places annotation tracks beneath genome coordinate positions, allowing rapid visual correlation of different types of information. It also allows users to upload and display their own experimental results or annotation sets. An important functionality of the application is a possibility to find similarity between sequences by applying four different algorithms of different accuracy. The presented tool was tested on real genomic data and is extensively used by Polish Consortium of Cucumber Genome Sequencing.
Comparison of de novo assembly statistics of Cucumis sativus L.
Author(s):
Michał Wojcieszek;
Wiktor Kuśmirek;
Magdalena Pawełkowicz;
Wojciech Pląder;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
Genome sequencing is the core of genomic research. With the development of NGS and lowering the cost of procedure there is another tight gap - genome assembly. Developing the proper tool for this task is essential as quality of genome has important impact on further research. Here we present comparison of several de Bruijn assemblers tested on C. sativus genomic reads. The assessment shows that newly developed software - dnaasm provides better results in terms of quantity and quality. The number of generated sequences is lower by 5 - 33% with even two fold higher N50. Quality check showed reliable results were generated by dnaasm. This provides us with very strong base for future genomic analysis.
Assembly of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) somaclones
Author(s):
Agnieszka Skarzyńska;
Wiktor Kuśmirek;
Magdalena Pawełkowicz;
Wojciech Pląder;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
The development of next generation sequencing opens the possibility of using sequencing in various plant studies, such as finding structural changes and small polymorphisms between species and within them. Most analyzes rely on genomic sequences and it is crucial to use well-assembled genomes of high quality and completeness. Herein we compare commonly available programs for genomic assembling and newly developed software - dnaasm. Assemblies were tested on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lines obtained by in vitro regeneration (somaclones), showing different phenotypes. Obtained results shows that dnaasm assembler is a good tool for short read assembly, which allows obtaining genomes of high quality and completeness.
Detection of genomic rearrangements in cucumber using genomecmp software
Author(s):
Maciej Kulawik;
Magdalena Ewa Pawełkowicz;
Michał Wojcieszek;
Wojciech Pląder;
Robert M. Nowak
Show Abstract
Comparative genomic by increasing information about the genomes sequences available in the databases is a rapidly evolving science. A simple comparison of the general features of genomes such as genome size, number of genes, and chromosome number presents an entry point into comparative genomic analysis. Here we present the utility of the new tool genomecmp for finding rearrangements across the compared sequences and applications in plant comparative genomics.
Detection system of groundwater contamination in vicinity of shale gas well
Author(s):
Krzysztof Danielewski;
Jerzy Weremczuk;
Grzegorz Sinicyn;
Maria Grodzka-Łukaszewska;
Jarosław Arabas
Show Abstract
This paper demonstrates system constructed and deployed to check possible impact of shale gas well preparation and exploitation on groundwater quality. Used sensors, measurement station construction and process of deployment of system are described. Additionally measured groundwater parameters are presented. Results of preliminary analysis of measurement results show good status of groundwater on every phase of life of shale gas well.
System and algorithm for evaluation of human auditory analyzer state
Author(s):
Mykhaylo V. Bachynskiy;
Oleksandr Yu. Azarkhov;
Dmytro Kh. Shtofel;
Svitlana M. Horbatiuk;
Tomasz Ławicki;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Saule Smailova;
Nursanat Askarova
Show Abstract
The paper discusses questions of human auditory state evaluation with technical means. It considers the disadvantages of existing clinical audiometry methods and systems. It is proposed to use method for evaluating of auditory analyzer state by means of pulsometry to get the medical study more objective and efficient. It provides for use of two optoelectronic sensors located on the carotid artery and ear lobe, Using this method the biotechnical system for evaluation and stimulation of human auditory analyzer stare wad developed. Its hardware and software were substantiated. Different modes of simulation in the designed system were tested and the influence of the procedure on a patient was studied.
Bioinformatics and expressional analysis of cDNA clones from floral buds
Author(s):
Magdalena Ewa Pawełkowicz;
Agnieszka Skarzyńska;
Justyna Cebula;
Dirck Hincha;
Karolina Ziąbska;
Wojciech Pląder;
Zbigniew Przybecki
Show Abstract
The application of genomic approaches may serve as an initial step in understanding the complexity of biochemical network and cellular processes responsible for regulation and execution of many developmental tasks. The molecular mechanism of sex expression in cucumber is still not elucidated. A study of differential expression was conducted to identify genes involved in sex determination and floral organ morphogenesis. Herein, we present generation of expression sequence tags (EST) obtained by differential hybridization (DH) and subtraction technique (cDNA-DSC) and their characteristic features such as molecular function, involvement in biology processes, expression and mapping position on the genome.
Laser capture microdissection to study flower morphogenesis
Author(s):
Magdalena Ewa Pawełkowicz;
Agnieszka Skarzyńska;
Cezary Kowalczuk;
Wojciech Pląder;
Zbigniew Przybecki
Show Abstract
Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) is a sample preparation microscopic method that enables isolation of an interesting cell or cells population from human, animal or plant tissue. This technique allows for obtaining pure sample from heterogeneous mixture. From isolated cells, it is possible to obtain the appropriate quality material used for genomic research in transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. We used LCM method to study flower morphogenesis and specific bud’s organ organization and development. The genes expression level in developing flower buds of male (B10) and female (2gg) lines were analyzed with qPCR. The expression was checked for stamen and carpel primordia obtained with LCM and for whole flower buds at successive stages of growth.
Measurement of hepatic steatosis based on magnetic resonance images
Author(s):
Adam Tkaczyk;
Wojciech Jańczyk;
Sylwia Chełstowska;
Piotr Socha;
Jan Mulawka
Show Abstract
The subject of this work is the usage of digital image processing to measure hepatic steatosis. To calculate this value manually it requires a lot of time and precision from the radiologist. In order to resolve this issue, a C++ application has been created. This paper describes the algorithms that have been used to solve the problem. The next chapter presents the application architecture and introduces graphical user interface. The last section describes all the tests which have been carried out to check the correctness of the results.
Computer-aided system for interactive psychomotor testing
Author(s):
Karina G. Selivanova;
Olena V. Ignashchuk;
Leonid G. Koval;
Volodymyr S. Kilivnik;
Alexandra S. Zlepko;
Daniel Sawicki;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Aizhan Zhanpeisova;
Saule Smailova
Show Abstract
Nowadays research of psychomotor actions has taken a special place in education, sports, medicine, psychology etc. Development of computer system for psychomotor testing could help solve many operational problems in psychoneurology and psychophysiology and also determine the individual characteristics of fine motor skills. This is particularly relevant issue when it comes to children, students, athletes for definition of personal and professional features. The article presents the dynamics of a developing psychomotor skills and application in the training process of means. The results of testing indicated their significant impact on psychomotor skills development.
Thermoelectrical generator powered by human body
Author(s):
Zuzana Almasyova;
David Vala;
Zdenek Slanina;
Adam Idzkowski
Show Abstract
This article deals with the possibility of using alternative energy sources for power of biomedical sensors with low power consumption, especially using the Peltier effect sources. Energy for powering of the target device has been used from the available renewable photovoltaic effect. The work is using of "energy harvesting" or "harvest energy" produced by autonomous generator harvesting accumulate energy. It allows to start working from 0.25 V. Measuring chain consists of further circuit which is a digital monitoring device for monitoring a voltage, current and power with I2C bus interface. Using the Peltier effect was first tested in a thermocontainer with water when the water heating occurred on the basis of different temperature differential between the cold and hot side of the Peltier element result in the production of energy. Realized prototype was also experimentally tested on human skin, specifically on the back, both in idle mode and under load.
Smart image recognition for medical application of lab-on-paper
Author(s):
Krzysztof Hackiewicz;
Jerzy Weremczuk
Show Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate an automatic image analysis for Micro Total Analysis Systems (μTAS) or Lab-on-Paper (LoP). By placing fiducial markers on μTAS, application can crop image and remove bending distortions, also it can perform colorimetric analysis. With previously taken photo of μTAS device with applied reagents, user can determine ie. illness presence by uploading photo into the program. In the paper was prepared μTAS sheet, algorithm for finding fiducial points and software for colorimetric analysis written in Matlab.
EMG amplifier with wireless data transmission
Author(s):
Grzegorz Kowalski;
Krzysztof Wildner
Show Abstract
Wireless medical diagnostics is a trend in modern technology used in medicine. This paper presents a concept of realization, architecture of hardware and software implementation of an elecromyography signal (EMG) amplifier with wireless data transmission. This amplifier consists of three components: analogue processing of bioelectric signal module, micro-controller circuit and an application enabling data acquisition via a personal computer. The analogue bioelectric signal processing circuit receives electromyography signals from the skin surface, followed by initial analogue processing and preparation of the signals for further digital processing. The second module is a micro-controller circuit designed to wirelessly transmit the electromyography signals from the analogue signal converter to a personal computer. Its purpose is to eliminate the need for wired connections between the patient and the data logging device. The third block is a computer application designed to display the transmitted electromyography signals, as well as data capture and analysis. Its purpose is to provide a graphical representation of the collected data. The entire device has been thoroughly tested to ensure proper functioning. In use, the device displayed the captured electromyography signal from the arm of the patient. Amplitude- frequency characteristics were set in order to investigate the bandwidth and the overall gain of the device.
Automated method for structural segmentation of nasal airways based on cone beam computed tomography
Author(s):
Maksym Yu. Tymkovych;
Oleg G. Avrunin;
Victor G. Paliy;
Maksim Filzow;
Oleksandr Gryshkov;
Birgit Glasmacher;
Zbigniew Omiotek;
Róża Dzierżak;
Saule Smailova;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
The work is dedicated to the segmentation problem of human nasal airways using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. During research, we propose a specialized approach of structured segmentation of nasal airways. That approach use spatial information, symmetrisation of the structures. The proposed stages can be used for construction a virtual three dimensional model of nasal airways and for production full-scale personalized atlases. During research we build the virtual model of nasal airways, which can be used for construction specialized medical atlases and aerodynamics researches.
Physical-mathematical model of optical radiation interaction with biological tissues
Author(s):
Tetyana I. Kozlovska;
Peter F. Kolisnik;
Sergey M. Zlepko;
Natalia V. Titova;
Volodymyr S. Pavlov;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Zbigniew Omiotek;
Miergul Kozhambardiyeva;
Aizhan Zhanpeisova
Show Abstract
Remote photoplethysmography (PPG) imaging is an optical technique to remotely assess the local coetaneous microcirculation. In this paper, we present a model and supporting experiments confirming the contribution of skin inhomogeneity to the morphology of PPG waveforms. The physical-mathematical model of distribution of optical radiation in biological tissues was developed. It allows determining the change of intensity of optical radiation depending on such parameters as installation angle of the sensor, biological tissue thickness and the wavelength. We obtained graphics which represent changes of the optical radiation intensity that is registered by photodetector depending on installation angle of the sensor, biological tissue thickness and the extinction coefficient.
Study of the air flow mode in the nasal cavity during a forced breath
Author(s):
Oleg G. Avrunin;
Yana V. Nosova;
Victor G. Paliy;
Natalia O. Shushlyapina;
Maksat Kalimoldayev;
Paweł Komada;
Azhan Sagymbekova
Show Abstract
This article is devoted of study of the air flow mode in the nasal cavity during a forced breath. It is extremely necessary to know what the air flow mode for aerodynamic calculations. We calculated the area and the equivalent diameter and Reynolds numbers for pathologies with functional disorders of nasal breath and made the following conclusions. High sensitivity to changes of the Reynolds numbers of the anatomical configuration of the nasal cavity causes that when simulation of passage of the airflow through the nasal cavity is necessary to determine the pressure drop over the length and local resistances. This makes it possible to take into account the effects of the air flow friction against the walls of the nasal cavity and vortex formation on local changes of configuration in the nasal channels.
Neural expert decision support system for stroke diagnosis
Author(s):
Leonid M. Kupershtein;
Tatiana B. Martyniuk;
Myhail D. Krencin;
Andriy V. Kozhemiako;
Yurii Bezsmertnyi;
Halyna Bezsmertna;
Maksat Kolimoldayev;
Andrzej Smolarz;
Róża Weryńska-Bieniasz;
Svetlana Uvaysova
Show Abstract
In the work the hybrid expert system for stroke diagnosis was presented. The base of expert system consists of neural network and production rules. This program can quickly and accurately set to the patient preliminary and final diagnoses, get examination and treatment plans, print data of patient, analyze statistics data and perform parameterized search for patients.
Mathematical modeling of systemic factors determining the risk of deterioration of drinking water supply and development of allergic diseases of population
Author(s):
Yurii G. Bespalov;
Konstantin V. Nosov;
Olena V. Vysotska;
Andrii P. Porvan;
Zbigniew Omiotek;
Aron Burlibay;
Azat Assembay;
Małgorzata Szatkowska
Show Abstract
This study aims at mathematical modeling of systemic factors threatening the sanitary and hygienic state of sources of water supply. It is well-known, that this state affects health of population consuming water from different water sources (lakes, reservoirs, rivers). In particular, water quality problem may cause allergic reactions that are the important problem of health care. In the paper, the authors present the mathematical model, that enables on the basis of observations of a natural system to predict the system's behavior and determine the risks related to deterioration of drinking water resources. As a case study, we uses supply of drinking water from Lake Sevan, but the approach developed in the study can be applied to wide area of adjacent problems.
The human body metabolism process mathematical simulation based on Lotka-Volterra model
Author(s):
Andriy Oliynyk;
Eugene Oliynyk;
Olexandr Pyptiuk;
Róża Dzierżak;
Małgorzata Szatkowska;
Svetlana Uvaysova;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
The mathematical model of metabolism process in human organism based on Lotka-Volterra model has beeng proposed, considering healing regime, nutrition system, features of insulin and sugar fragmentation process in the organism. The numerical algorithm of the model using IV-order Runge-Kutta method has been realized. After the result of calculations the conclusions have been made, recommendations about using the modeling results have been showed, the vectors of the following researches are defined.
Bio-inspired approach to multistage image processing
Author(s):
Leonid I. Timchenko;
Sergii V. Pavlov;
Natalia I. Kokryatskaya;
Anna A. Poplavska;
Iryna M. Kobylyanska;
Iryna I. Burdenyuk;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Svetlana Uvaysova;
Zhassulan Orazbekov;
Gulzhan Kashaganova
Show Abstract
Multistage integration of visual information in the brain allows people to respond quickly to most significant stimuli while preserving the ability to recognize small details in the image. Implementation of this principle in technical systems can lead to more efficient processing procedures. The multistage approach to image processing, described in this paper, comprises main types of cortical multistage convergence. One of these types occurs within each visual pathway and the other between the pathways. This approach maps input images into a flexible hierarchy which reflects the complexity of the image data. The procedures of temporal image decomposition and hierarchy formation are described in mathematical terms. The multistage system highlights spatial regularities, which are passed through a number of transformational levels to generate a coded representation of the image which encapsulates, in a computer manner, structure on different hierarchical levels in the image. At each processing stage a single output result is computed to allow a very quick response from the system. The result is represented as an activity pattern, which can be compared with previously computed patterns on the basis of the closest match.
Medical expert system for assessment of coronary heart disease destabilization based on the analysis of the level of soluble vascular adhesion molecules
Author(s):
Valentina K. Serkova;
Sergey V. Pavlov;
Valentina A. Romanava;
Yuriy I. Monastyrskiy;
Sergey M. Ziepko;
Nanaliya V. Kuzminova;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Róża Dzierżak;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Gulzhan Kashaganova
Show Abstract
Theoretical and practical substantiation of the possibility of the using the level of soluble vascular adhesion molecules (sVCAM) is performed. Expert system for the assessment of coronary heart disease (CHD) destabilization on the base of the analysis of soluble vascular adhesion molecules level is developed. Correlation between the increase of VCAM level and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with different variants of CHD progression is established. Association of chronic nonspecific vascular inflammation activation and CHD destabilization is shown. The expedience of parallel determination of sVCAM and CRP levels for diagnostics of CHD destabilization and forecast elaboration is noted.
Double-compression method for biomedical images
Author(s):
Yevhenii A. Antonenko;
Timofey N. Mustetsov ;
Rami R. Hamdi;
Teresa Małecka-Massalska;
Nurbek Orshubekov;
Róża Dzierżak;
Svetlana Uvaysova
Show Abstract
This paper describes a double compression method (DCM) of biomedical images. A comparison of image compression factors in size JPEG, PNG and developed DCM was carried out. The main purpose of the DCM - compression of medical images while maintaining the key points that carry diagnostic information. To estimate the minimum compression factor an analysis of the coding of random noise image is presented.
The optoelectronic sensor creatinine and urea
Author(s):
Maria V. Vistak;
Vasyl Ye. Dmytrakh;
Ivan S. Diskovskyu;
Lesya I. Kobylinska;
Zinoviy M. Mikityuk;
Vasyl S. Petryshak;
Hryhoriy I. Barylo;
Roman L. Holyaka;
Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev;
Wojciech Surtel;
Róża Dzierżak
Show Abstract
In paper the concept of interaction of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) with creatinine and urea to designing the active medium material for optical sensor of biological substances are presented. It is shown that there is a general tendency to reduce the pitch of supramolecular helical structure versus of increasing of concentrations of aqueous solutions for all investigated substances. A decision to designing the scheme of signal converter of optical sensors with frequency selection is proposed. In basis of the proposed decision is impedance converter provided the inductive nature of the impedance circle of load photodiode and therefore suppressing of direct component of the photocurrent.
Risk assessment of bronchial asthma development in children with atopic dermatitis
Author(s):
Olena V. Vуsotska;
Viktoriia A. Klymenko;
Alexei A. Trubitcin;
Anna I. Pecherska;
Tamara O. Savchuk;
Maksat Kolimoldayev;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Małgorzata Szatkowska;
Aron Burlibay
Show Abstract
This article offers a risk assessment of bronchial asthma development in children with atopic dermatitis by applying
fuzzy-set theory to accumulated statistical data. It is shown that with a view to executing the said task one should
exercise a complex approach involving factors such as “IgE level”, “existence of obstructions” and “burdened bronchial
asthma heredity of immediate relatives”. The obtained results will assist in making adequate and well-informed medical
decisions as well as facilitate the decrease of the risk of developing bronchial asthma in children with atopic dermatitis.
Diagnosis abnormalities of limb movement in disorders of the nervous system
Author(s):
Gregory S. Tymchik;
Volodymyr I. Skytsiouk;
Tatiana R. Klotchko;
Halyna Bezsmertna;
Waldemar Wójcik;
Saule Luganskaya;
Zhassulan Orazbekov;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
The paper deals with important issues of diagnosis early signs of diseases of the nervous system, including Parkinson's disease and other specific diseases. Small quantities of violation trajectory of spatial movement of the extremities of human disease at the primary level as the most appropriate features are studied. In modern medical practice is very actual the control the emergence of diseases of the nervous system, including Parkinson's disease. In work a model limbs with six rotational kinematic pairs for diagnosis of early signs of diseases of the nervous system is considered. subject.
Identification and human condition analysis based on the human voice analysis
Author(s):
Oleksandr Yu. Mieshkov;
Oleksandr O. Novikov;
Vsevolod O. Novikov;
Leonid S. Fainzilberg;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Saule Smailova;
Ainur Kozbekova;
Baglan Imanbek
Show Abstract
The paper presents a two-stage biotechnical system for human condition analysis that is based on analysis of human voice signal. At the initial stage, the voice signal is pre-processed and its characteristics in time domain are determined. At the first stage, the developed system is capable of identifying the person in the database on the basis of the extracted characteristics. At the second stage, the model of a human voice is built on the basis of the real voice signals after clustering the whole database.
Can we recognize horses by their ocular biometric traits using deep convolutional neural networks?
Author(s):
Mateusz Trokielewicz;
Mateusz Szadkowski
Show Abstract
This paper aims at determining the viability of horse recognition by the means of ocular biometrics and deep convolutional neural networks (deep CNNs). Fast and accurate identification of race horses before racing is crucial for ensuring that exactly the horses that were declared are participating, using methods that are non-invasive and friendly to these delicate animals. As typical iris recognition methods require lot of fine-tuning of the method parameters and high-quality data, CNNs seem like a natural candidate to be applied for recognition thanks to their potentially excellent abilities in describing texture, combined with ease of implementation in an end-to-end manner. Also, with such approach we can easily utilize both iris and periocular features without constructing complicated algorithms for each. We thus present a simple CNN classifier, able to correctly identify almost 80% of the samples in an identification scenario, and give equal error rate (EER) of less than 10% in a verification scenario.
Influence of the spectral composition of LED lighting system on plants cultivation in a darkroom
Author(s):
Urszula J. Blaszczak;
Dzamil Abdel Aziz;
Lukasz Gryko
Show Abstract
Agriculture is one of the most important areas of the world economy. However, due to dependency on weather conditions, it is strongly industrialized, for example by introducing additional lighting improving the efficiency of plants growth. Construction and operation of light-emitting diodes provides new possibilities in research and application of new concepts in agricultural lighting. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of various spectra of light on the efficiency of photosynthesis and the growth of selected species of plants. For this purpose two grow-boxes with dedicated LED-based lighting systems were constructed and placed in the darkroom with controlled temperature. In each box lighting system provided different spectral composition of light and it was possible to adjust the ratio of blue and red as well as the irradiance level. In the paper we present the construction of the grow-boxes and the results of 3 cycles of experiments conducted with this system. During the first cycle two groups of tested plants were cultivated in the LED grow-boxes with constant irradiance level and the third group in natural light conditions. During the second cycle the irradiance in both boxes was gradually increased from 8 W/m2 to 38 W/m2. During the third cycle the irradiance was set to 38 W/m2 during the whole period (max power MRED module) to get the maximum possible intensity of photosynthesis.
Analytical approaches to estimation of temporal frequency preference from visual evoked potentials
Author(s):
Agnieszka Wierzbicka;
Katarzyna Kordecka;
Jarosław Żygierewicz;
Wioletta Waleszczyk
Show Abstract
There are various ways to study neuronal processing of information about temporal frequency content of visual stimuli. The two most fundamental methods are 1) direct measurement of response amplitude, e.g. an amplitude of averaged visual evoked potential, and 2) assessment of response magnitude after transformation of electrophysiological signal from time to frequency domain. In our study we found it impossible to use the same paradigm to analyze the whole spectrum of temporal frequencies in local field potentials recorded during visual electrophysiology experiments performed on anesthetized rats. Visual responses were recorded from all layers of primary visual cortex in response to flashing light with temporal frequency in the range of 0.5 - 15 Hz. We found that for frequencies lower than 2 Hz it is difficult to draw conclusions based on power spectrum alone, while for high frequencies (> 2 Hz) the evoked potential in time domain could not be observed. We discuss possible physiological reasons of these difficulties and the advantages of the Welch method instead of the periodogram to analyze signals in the frequency domain.
Classification of electroencephalograph signals using time-frequency decomposition and linear discriminant analysis (Erratum)
Author(s):
B. Szuflitowska;
P. Orlowski
Show Abstract
Publisher’s Note: This paper, originally published on 8 August 2017, was replaced with a corrected/revised version on12 September 2017. If you downloaded the original PDF but are unable to access the revision, please contact SPIE Digital Library Customer Service for assistance.
Automated detection system consists of two key steps: extraction of features from EEG signals and classification for detection of pathology activity. The EEG sequences were analyzed using Short-Time Fourier Transform and the classification was performed using Linear Discriminant Analysis. The accuracy of the technique was tested on three sets of EEG signals: normal, ictal and postictal. The classification error above 10% has been considered a success. The higher accuracy are obtained for new data of unknown classes than testing data. The methodology can be helpful in differentiation pathology states.
Tunable white light source for medical applications
Author(s):
Urszula J. Blaszczak;
Lukasz Gryko;
Andrzej Zajac
Show Abstract
Development of light-emitting diodes has brought new possibilities in many applications, especially in terms of flexible adjustment of light spectra. This feature is very useful in construction of many devices, for example for medical diagnosis and treatment. It was proved, that in some cases LEDs can easily replace lasers during therapy of cancer without reduction of efficiency of this process. On the other hand during diagnosis process LED-based constructions can provide unique ability to adjust the color temperature of the output light while maintaining high color rendering. It allows for optimum surface contrast and enhanced tissue differentiation at the operator site.
In the paper we describe the construction of the tunable LED-based source designed for application in endoscopy. It was optimized from the point of view of the color rendition for 5 different correlated color temperatures (illuminant A, D55, D65, 3500K and 4500K) with the restriction of very high (>90) values of general and specific color rendering indexes (according to Ra method). The source is composed of 13 light-emitting diodes from visible region mounted on the common radiator and controlled by dedicated system. Spectra of the components are mixed and the spectra of output light is analyzed. On the basis of obtained spectra colorimetric parameters are calculated and compared with the results of theoretical analysis.
Evaluation of aortic contractility based on analysis of CT images of the heart
Author(s):
Róża Dzierżak;
Ryszard Maciejewski;
Sebastian Uhlig
Show Abstract
The paper presents a method to assess the aortic contractility based on the analysis of CT images of the heart. This is an
alternative method that can be used for patients who cannot be examined by using echocardiography. Usage of medical
imaging application for DICOM file processing allows to evaluate the aortic cross section during systole and diastole. It
makes possible to assess the level of aortic contractility.
Transverse velocity dependence of pion-kaon correlations at LHC energies
Author(s):
Adam Kisiel
Show Abstract
Collisions of heavy ions are a unique tool, which enables the study of strongly interacting matter at highest possible temperatures and densities. At the Large Hadron Collider the Pb ions are collided at the highest energies achieved in the laboratory – 2.76 ATeV. A system created in the collision behaves collectively. Hydrodynamic models are used to describe its behavior. As the systems expands and cools down, it emits particles of all types. Analyzing correlations between them enables to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of the collision via a technique called “femtoscopy”. For identical pions this technique is well established and shows that more central collisions produce larger systems. At the same time the collective flows produce a dependence of the system size on pair velocity. This work concentrates on correlations between pions and kaons. In such analysis one is also able to measure the “emission asymmetry”, or the difference in average emission points of both particles. The non-zero value of this difference for particles of different mass is another independent consequence of radial flow. In this work the pion-kaon correlations are for the first time analyzed as a function of pair transverse velocity. In this way the two important signatures of collective flow are analyzed at the same time and their mutual influence is investigated. In addition the non-femtoscopic backgrounds in such functions are also studied.
Android application and REST server system for quasar spectrum presentation and analysis
Author(s):
P. Wasiewicz;
K. Pietralik;
K. Hryniewicz
Show Abstract
This paper describes the implementation of a system consisting of a mobile application and RESTful architecture server intended for the analysis and presentation of quasars' spectrum. It also depicts the quasar's characteristics and significance to the scientific community, the source for acquiring astronomical objects' spectral data, used software solutions as well as presents the aspect of Cloud Computing and various possible deployment configurations.
Acceleration of protons to high energies by an ultra-intense femtosecond laser pulse
Author(s):
Jarosław Domański;
Jan Badziak;
Sławomir Jabłoński
Show Abstract
The paper reports the results of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of proton beam acceleration at the interactions of a 130-fs laser pulse of intensity from the range of 1021 – 1023 W/cm2, predicted for the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) lasers currently built in Europe, with a thin hydrocarbon (CH) target. A special attention is paid to the effect of the laser pulse intensity and polarization (linear - LP, circular - CP) as well as the target thickness on the proton energy spectrum, the proton beam spatial distribution and the proton pulse shape and intensity. It is shown that for the highest, ultra-relativistic intensities (~ 1023 W/cm2) the effect of laser polarization on the proton beam parameters is relatively weak and for both polarizations quasi-monoenergetic proton beams of the mean proton energy ~ 2 GeV and δE/E ≈ 0.3 for LP and δE/E ≈ 0.2 for CP are generated from the 0.1-μm CH target. At short distances from the irradiated target (< 50 um), the proton pulse is very short (< 20 fs), and the proton beam intensities reach extremely high values > 1021 W/cm2, which are much higher than those attainable in conventional accelerators. Such proton beams can open the door for new areas of research in high energy-density physics and nuclear physics as well as can also prove useful for applications in materials research e.g. as a tool for high-resolution proton radiography.
Application of multivariate analysis methods to search for variable stars in the Pi of the Sky experiment
Author(s):
Lukasz Obara
Show Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present novel algorithm for searching variable stars in the Pi of the Sky data, based on Multivariate Analysis (MVA). Pi of the Sky is a system of wide field-of-view robotic telescopes, which search for short timescale astrophysical phenomena, especially for prompt optical emission from GRB. The system was designed for autonomous operation, monitoring a large fraction of the sky with 12m -13m range and time resolution of the order of 1 - 100 seconds.
Dedicated photometric algorithm was implemented in the LUIZA framework and optimized on a sample of test sky images. It was then used on a ”training” image sample, which was obtained by modifying the test sample of images, using different patterns of variability to selected constant stars. Different statistical estimators were considered to find the most efficient algorithm, based on MVA method, for variable star identification. Analysis of the test results indicated that most efficient candidate star selection can be based on the so called Boosted Decision Tree (BDT) approach. The algorithm is then used to search for variable star candidates in the actual data. New results of the analysis and three candidate stars found are presented.
Study of the heavy-ion collisions using the femtoscopy correlations of the two protons system
Author(s):
Diana Pawłowska
Show Abstract
The experiments with heavy-ion collisions are developed to study the properties of strongly interacting nuclear matter at high energies. The main objective is to investigate the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), which consist of asymptotically free quarks and gluons. Using the femtoscopic methods, the information about the space-time characteristics of the particle emitting source is obtained. From identical particles correlation it is possible to get the radii of such source. For needs of high energy physics, phenomenological models like UrQMD and EPOS are used.
In this report there are presented the theoretical predictions of correlation functions for protons and antiprotons in Au+Au collisions at √sNN of 7.7 GeV, 11.5 GeV, 39 GeV and 62.4 GeV from Beam Energy Scan program at STAR experiment.
Femtoscopy as a tool for studying phase transition phenomena at STAR/BES energies in context of femtoscopic analysis at NICA
Author(s):
D. Wielanek
Show Abstract
Femtoscopy is a tool to study the space-time evolution of hot and dense matter during high energy collision by using two-particle correlations. The femtoscopic and flow measurements at RHIC and LHC energies are well reproduced by the hydrodynamics models that contains equation of state (EoS) with crossover type transition from Quark-Gluon Plasma to hadron gas phase. Similar studies where performed at AGS and SPS accelerators and was performed in Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider for exploring phase diagram of QCD matter.
I present the femtoscopic observables calculated for Au-Au collisions at √
sNN = 7:7 - 62:4 GeV calculated from viscous hydro + cascade model vHLLE+UrQMD with two types of EoSs - one that correspond to 1st order phase transition (PT) and second that correspond to crossover PT. I also discuss perspectives of femtoscopic measurements at NICA energy scale √
sNN = 4 - 11 GeV.
1
Virtual reality visualization algorithms for the ALICE high energy physics experiment on the LHC at CERN
Author(s):
Julian Myrcha;
Tomasz Trzciński;
Przemysław Rokita
Show Abstract
Analyzing massive amounts of data gathered during many high energy physics experiments, including but not limited to the LHC ALICE detector experiment, requires efficient and intuitive methods of visualisation. One of the possible approaches to that problem is stereoscopic 3D data visualisation. In this paper, we propose several methods that provide high quality data visualisation and we explain how those methods can be applied in virtual reality headsets. The outcome of this work is easily applicable to many real-life applications needed in high energy physics and can be seen as a first step towards using fully immersive virtual reality technologies within the frames of the ALICE experiment.
DMA implementations for FPGA-based data acquisition systems
Author(s):
Wojciech M. Zabołotny
Show Abstract
The paper describes three implementations of DMA engines created for different data acquisition (DAQ) systems. The designs are based on vendor (Xilinx) provided IP cores. The emphasis is put on typical problems related to the implementation of high-performance data acquisition systems. The selection or building of proper DMA cores is shown, and typical problems associated with the realization of the device driver are described. Sources of the described systems are publically available.
Performance evaluation of the detector and ultra-light micro-cable assembly for tracking application in CBM experiment
Author(s):
Weronika Zubrzycka;
Krzysztof Kasinski
Show Abstract
The STS/MUCH-XYTER2 ASIC is a full-size prototype chip for the Silicon Tracking System (STS) and Muon Chamber (MUCH) detectors in the new fixed-target experiment Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) at FAIR-center, Darmstadt, Germany. The noise performance is tightly related both to the analog front-end architecture and structure of the detector. In the STS case, the stereo-angle, double-sided microstrip sensors are biased and connected with the frontend chips by the dedicated assembly of ultra-thin micro-cables. The structure of this system contributes to the overall performance of the modules being fabricated. Moreover, the system will contain multiple modules with different sensor and cable lengths. This paper shows the simulated expected noise results based on the latest measurements of the system components including: specific architecture and measured parasitics of the fabricated micro-cables, measured parameters of the silicon microstrip sensors. Presented studies show also impact of the protection diodes.
Pi of the Sky observation of GRB160625B
Author(s):
Rafał Opiela;
Tadeusz Batsch;
Alberto Javier Castro-Tirado;
Henryk Czyrkowski;
Arkadiusz Ćwiek;
Mikołaj Ćwiok;
Ryszard Dąbrowski;
Martin Jelinek;
Grzegorz Kasprowicz;
Ariel Majcher;
Katarzyna Małek;
Lech Mankiewicz;
Krzysztof Nawrocki;
Łukasz Obara;
Lech Piotrowski;
Małgorzata Siudek;
Marcin Sokołowski;
Roman Wawrzaszek;
Grzegorz Wrochna;
Marcin Zaremba;
Aleksander Filip Żarnecki
Show Abstract
Pi of the Sky is a system of wide field of view robotic telescopes, which search for short timescale astrophysical phenomena, especially for prompt optical GRB emission. The system was designed for autonomous operation, monitoring a large fraction of the sky to a depth of 12
m−13
m and with time resolution of the order of 10 seconds. Custom designed CCD cameras are equipped with Canon lenses f = 85 mm, f/d = 1.2 and cover 20° × 20° of the sky each. The final system with 16 cameras on 4 equatorial mounts was completed in 2014 at the INTA El Arenosillo Test Centre in Spain.
GRB160625B was an extremely bright GRB with three distinct emission episodes. Cameras of the Pi of the Sky observatory in Spain were not observing the position of the GRB160625B prior to the first emission episode. Observations started only after receiving Fermi/GBM trigger, about 140 seconds prior to the second emission. As the position estimate taken from the Fermi alert and used to position the telescope was not very accurate, the actual position of the burst happened to be in the overlap region of two cameras, resulting in two independent sets of measurements. Light curves from both cameras were reconstructed using the Luiza framework. No object brighter than 12.4
m (3σ limit) was observed prior to the second GRB emission. An optical flash was identified on an image starting -5.9s before the time of the Fermi/LAT trigger, brightening to about 8m on the next image and then becoming gradually dimmer, fading below our sensitivity after about 400s.
Emission features as measured in different spectral bands indicate that the three emission episodes of GRB160625B were dominated by distinct physics process. Simultaneously observations in gamma-rays and optical wavelengths support the hypothesis that this was the first observed transition from thermal to non-thermal radiation in a single GRB. Main results of the combined analysis are presented.
VHDL resolved function based inner communication bus for FPGA
Author(s):
Krzysztof T. Pozniak
Show Abstract
This article discusses a method of building an internal, universal and parametric bus. The solution was designed for a variety of FPGA families and popular VHDL compilers. The algorithm of automatic configuration of address space and methods of receiving and sending addressed data are discussed. The basic solution realized in VHDL language in a behavioral form and chosen examples of practical use of the internal bus are presented in detail.
Measurement of $D^0$ elliptic flow using the heavy flavor tracker detector in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 \, GeV$
Author(s):
Andrzej Lipiec
Show Abstract
In heavy ion collisions at relativistic energies conducted at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC, Upton, USA) a new state of matter, Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), is produced. QGP is a state of matter with partonic (i.e. gluons + quarks) degrees of freedom and is believed to be existing only during first moments after the Big Bang, and possibly inside of the heaviest neutron stars. One of the key QGP signatures is the elliptic flow (v2) - a coefficient that describes spatial assymetry of particle yield. It has been observed that v2 of particles composed of light quarks (i.e. up, down and strange) follow the same trends when scaled to the number of constituent quarks. Such observations implied that all light quarks gain the same flow in the heavy ion collision. On the other hand it was speculated that heavy quarks (charm and bottom) should have smaller v2 because of their in-medium energy losses. Due to their heavy mass, c quarks are produced mostly before QGP is formed, which makes them excellent probes to study this hot, dense and strongly interacting medium. The Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC (STAR) experiment took data with the newly installed Heavy Flavor Tracker (HFT) detector. Thanks to the state-of-the-art tracking resolution of the HFT it is possible to measure D0 mesons with unprecedented precision. This paper presents the STAR experiment measurement of D0 elliptic flow.
The computation in diagnostics for tokamaks: systems, designs, approaches
Author(s):
Rafał Krawczyk;
Paweł Linczuk;
Tomasz Czarski;
Andrzej Wojeński;
Maryna Chernyshova;
Krzysztof Poźniak;
Piotr Kolasiński;
Grzegorz Kasprowicz;
Wojciech Zabołotny;
Ewa Kowalska-Strzęciwilk;
Karol Malinowski;
Michał Gaska
Show Abstract
The requirements given for GEM (Gaseous Electron Multiplier) detector based acquisition system for plasma impurities
diagnostics triggered a need for the development of a specialized software and hardware architecture. The amount of
computations with latency and throughput restrictions cause that an advanced solution is sought for. In order to provide a
mechanism fitting the designated tokamaks, an insight into existing solutions was necessary. In the article there is
discussed architecture of systems used for plasma diagnostics and in related scientific fields. The developed solution is
compared and contrasted with other diagnostic and control systems. Particular attention is payed to specific requirements
for plasma impurities diagnostics in tokamak thermal fusion reactor. Subsequently, the details are presented that justified
the choice of the system architecture and the discussion on various approaches is given.
Pion-kaon femtoscopy at STAR
Author(s):
Paweł Szymański
Show Abstract
Heavy-ion collisions allow to study the properties of nuclear matter. To study space-time parameters the method
of femtoscopy is used. This method provides an information about the particle-emitting source size which is not
accessible directly. From non-identical particle correlations one can obtain information about the asymmetry in
emission process between those two kinds of particles. In this report we will present a status of a STAR analysis
of pion-kaon correlations in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 39 GeV.
ADC interface for data server with data preselection for luminosity detector in AIDA-2020 project
Author(s):
W. Daniluk;
B. Dziedzic;
G. Korcyl;
T. Wojtoń;
L. Zawiejski
Show Abstract
Main aim of the AIDA-2020 project is development of detectors for future accelerators. In FCAL Colaboration
we are working on forward subdetectors for ILC and CLIC accelerators. My team is developing prototype module
which receives data from ADC, provides the data preselection, and transmits them as packages to the data server
for further their analysis. Common prototype is based on AC701 evaluation board which contains Artix-7 FPGA
and is equipped with SMA connectors for gigabit transceivers and ethernet connector. In my talk I will describe
architecture of the device and current state of module development.
Pi of the Sky in LSC-Virgo's EM follow-up in O1 science run
Author(s):
Adam Zadrożny;
Marcin Sokołowski;
Lech Mankiewicz;
Aleksander Filip Żarnecki
Show Abstract
Presented in this contribution are results gathered by Pi of the Sky during LSC-Virgo O1 science run. Pi of
the Sky took part in LSC-Virgo's Electromagnetic (EM) Follow-up project during first science run of Advanced LIGO detectors between September 2015 and January 2016. LSC-Virgo's EM Follow-up is aimed for searching electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave transient candidates. Observing an event both in EM and gravitational wave band might be a important step forward to multi-messenger astronomy. The aim of this paper is to show algorithms used by Pi of the Sky for analysing data taken during the first science run and to present the corresponding results. Concepts of algorithms for the next science run will also be discussed.
Proton-proton, antiproton-antiproton and proton-antiproton correlations
Author(s):
Sebastian Siejka
Show Abstract
Properties of nuclear matter under extreme conditions can be studied through experiments with heavy-ion
collisions at high energy. It is not possible to directly measure the sizes of particle-emitting sources, but it is
possible to infer them with the use of femtoscopy. In order to determine the space-time properties of the sources,
the femtoscopy uses Quantum Statistics effects and Final State Interactions. Radii of the sources can be obtained
from various particle types and the comparison of those should provide a complementary information about the
source. In this report we present preliminary results of proton and antiproton femtoscopic correlations in Au+Au
collisions at √sNN of 7.7 GeV, 11.5 GeV and 39 GeV measured in STAR.
FPGA-based firmware model for extended measurement systems with data quality monitoring
Author(s):
A. Wojenski;
K. T. Pozniak;
D. Mazon;
M. Chernyshova
Show Abstract
Modern physics experiments requires construction of advanced, modular measurement systems for data processing and
registration purposes. Components are often designed in one of the common mechanical and electrical standards,
e.g. VME or uTCA. The paper is focused on measurement systems using FPGAs as data processing blocks, especially
for plasma diagnostics using GEM detectors with data quality monitoring aspects. In the article is proposed standardized
model of HDL FPGA firmware implementation, for use in a wide range of different measurement system. The effort was
made in term of flexible implementation of data quality monitoring along with source data dynamic selection. In the
paper is discussed standard measurement system model followed by detailed model of FPGA firmware for modular
measurement systems. Considered are both: functional blocks and data buses. In the summary, necessary blocks and
signal lines are described. Implementation of firmware following the presented rules should provide modular design,
with ease of change different parts of it. The key benefit is construction of universal, modular HDL design, that can be
applied in different measurement system with simple adjustments.
4 Gbps Scalable Low-Voltage Signaling (SLVS) transceiver for pixel radiation detectors
Author(s):
Lukasz A. Kadlubowski;
Piotr Kmon
Show Abstract
We report on the design of 4 Gbps Scalable Low-Voltage Signaling (SLVS) transceiver in 40nm CMOS technology for application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) dedicated to pixel radiation detectors. Serial data are transmitted with ±200mV differential swing around 200mV nominal common-mode level. The common-mode interference minimization is crucial in such a design, due to EMC requirements. For multi-gigabit-per-second speeds, the influence of power supply path becomes one of the most challenging design issues. Accurate modeling of supply pads at each step of the design is necessary. Our analysis shows that the utilization of multiple bond wires as well as separate power supply pads for bulk terminals connection of the transistors is essential to ensure proper operation of the transceiver. The design is a result of various trade-offs between speed, required operating conditions, common-mode interference as well as power and area consumption.
Examination of heavy-ion collisions using EPOS model in the frame of BES program
Author(s):
Maria Stefaniak
Show Abstract
EPOS is a generator which allows one to simulate various types of collisions of divers systems with different initial parameters. It considers the parton-based Gribov-Regge theory. So far the EPOS model has been used to describe higher collision energies obtained with RHIC or LHCy data. On the other hand, there is another program under investigation: Beam Energy Scan conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The beams of gold ions are collided at energies such as √sNN - 7:7; 11:5; 19:6; 27; 39, and 62.4 GeV in order to collect and analyze data needed in examination of QGP Phase Diagram. The EPOS model could become a useful tool in such studies. Simulated with EPOS data will be verified using elliptic flow analyses and two-particles femtoscopic correlations, which allow one to measure the size of sources determined by newly created particle.
Data synchronisation for HEP experiments
Author(s):
Adrian Byszuk
Show Abstract
One of the most important tasks handled by electronic systems in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments is data acquisition (DAQ). Architecture and requirements of DAQ systems are tightly coupled. DAQ requirements strongly influence system architecture and, at the same time, inherent constraints of chosen architecture (and hardware) may necessitate update of DAQ system requirements. One of the most important characteristics of a given DAQ system is it’s data synchronisation capability, which is constrained by performance of experiment’s timing system. This paper presents an overview of most popular timing system architectures and describes how this choice influences data synchronisation capabilities.
Influence of the UV radiation on the screen-printed pH-sensitive layers based on graphene and ruthenium dioxide
Author(s):
A. Pepłowski;
D. Grudziński;
T. Raczyński;
G. Wróblewski;
D. Janczak;
M. Jakubowska
Show Abstract
Electrodes for measuring pH of the solution were fabricated by the means of screen-printing technology. Potentiometric sensors’ layers comprised of composite with polymer matrix and graphene nanoplatelets/ruthenium (IV) oxide nanopowder as functional phase. Transceivers were printed on the elastic PMMA foil. Regarding potential application of the sensors in the wearable devices, dynamic response of the electrodes to changing ultraviolet radiation levels was assessed, since RuO2 is reported to be UV-sensitive. Observed changes of the electrodes’ potential were of sub-millivolt magnitude, being comparable to simultaneously observed signal drift. Given this stability under varying UV conditions and previously verified good flexibility, fabricated sensors meet the requirements for wearable applications.
SEM and Raman studies of CNT films on porous Si
Author(s):
R. Belka;
J. Kęczkowska;
M. Suchańska;
P. Firek;
H. Wronka;
M. Kozłowski;
J. Radomska;
E. Czerwosz;
F. Craciunoiu
Show Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) films deposited on different porous silica substrates were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Raman Spectroscopy (RS). The films samples were prepared by a two-step method consisting of PVD and CVD processes. In the first step the nanocomposite Ni-C film was obtained by evaporation in dynamic vacuum from two separated sources of fullerenes and nickel acetate. Those films were deposited on porous silica and DLC/porous silica substrates. Analysis of SEM imaging showed that the obtained film are composed of carbon nanotubes, the distribution, size and quality of which depend on the type of substrate. The CNT films were studied by RS method to determine the influence of the substrate type on disordering of carbonaceous structure and quality of CNT in deposited films.
Using the principal component analysis method in studies of the TiO2 Raman spectra
Author(s):
Radosław Belka
Show Abstract
Raman spectra of TiO2 anatase prepared by sol-gel method were measured and analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The pure and Ag-doped powder samples of TiO2 were prepared in different routes and calcined in air at the same temperature of 550°C. For every sample, nine spectra were measured using microRaman Nicolet Almega XR spectrometer at 532nm excitation and 6mW input beam power. The spectra were processed by PCA algorithm by means of PCA Model Editor and Analysis software (Jasco). Analysis shows the difference between commercially available anatase (Sigma Aldrich) and samples prepared in sol-gel method. The PCA coefficients can be easily separated in PCs space. The components related to the anatase and rutile phases were also extracted. Moreover, spectra of Ag-doped anatase can be clearly distinguished. It was shown the PCA method is useful for classification of anatase samples prepared in different technology conditions.
Optical study of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings deposited at different spray distance
Author(s):
R. Belka;
S. Kowalski;
W. Żórawski
Show Abstract
Series of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings deposited on titanium substrate at different spray (plasma gun to workpiece) distance were investigated. The optical methods as dark field confocal microscopy, Raman/PL and UV-VIS spectroscopy were used for study the influence of deposition process on structural degradation of HA precursor. The hydroxyl group concentration was investigated by study the OH mode intensity in the Raman spectra. Optical absorption coefficients at near UV region were analyzed by Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. PL intensity observed during Raman measurement was also considered as relation to defects concentration and degradation level. It was confirmed the different gunsubstrate distance has a great impact on structure of deposited HA ceramics.
CNT fibers p-doped with F4TCNQ (2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane)
Author(s):
Sandra Lepak;
Sławomir Boncel;
Iwona Jóźwik;
Małgorzata Jakubowska;
Krzysztof Koziol;
Agnieszka Łękawa-Raus
Show Abstract
Films and fibers made of carbon nanotubes were found to be promising materials for future electrical and electronic engineering. Despite of many advantages provided by these materials, they are not without problems. The biggest issue is that the macroscopic CNT structures, such as films or fibers, have much lower electrical conductivity values than it is for individual carbon nanotubes. And therefore researchers worldwide try to increase electrical properties of those macroscopic structures. One of the approaches scientists are currently investigating is chemical doping. Despite chemical doping has been already reported there is still a huge list of compounds that are capable to increase the conductivity values and has not been tested yet. In this work one of such compounds has been examined. It is a strong p-dopant 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ). The solution of F4TCNQ in three different solvents (chloroform, acetic acid and dimethylsulfoxide) has been prepared and applied on purified CNT films. Both electrical conductivity and specific conductivity was measured. The best electrical conductivity value achieved is 5,24·106 S·m-1. Samples were also observed under SEM.
Visualization of the percolation phenomenon in two-dimensional arrangement of metallic spherical particles
Author(s):
Paweł Okal;
Przemysław Rogalski;
Paweł Żukowski
Show Abstract
The paper presented the method of visualization the phenomenon of percolation in the model of nanocomposite type metaldielectric, based on the occurrence of high voltage jumps in the air between metallic discs modeling the metallic nanoparticles. A research station for visualization and registration of the percolation process was developed and built. The models were made from metallic discs, randomly arranged on a plane for different values of „nanoparticles” concentration. The dependence of the jump voltage from the concentration was established. Visual images of percolation for different „nanoparticles” concentration were registered.
Investigations of carbon nanotubes and polyacrylonitrile composites for flexible textronics
Author(s):
J. Sowiński;
G. Wróblewski;
D. Janczak;
M. Jakubowska
Show Abstract
Thin composite layers based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were fabricated by means of spray coating with pneumatic atomization. Research was conducted to achieve transparent and flexible electrodes. Prepared suspensions in different proportions of functional phase provided good dispersion quality of CNTs and the stability. The carbon nanotubes were dispersed in dimethylformamide and then added to polyacrylonitrile solution. Suspension was sprayed onto Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil. After thermal treatment, samples were mechanically and electrically tested. Thanks to carbon nanomaterials used in prepared coatings, high electrical conductivity and mechanical resistance was observed. Use of a polyacrylonitrile guarantee the flexibility of electrodes and high potential in integration with polyacrylonitrile based fabrics.
Spectroscopic properties and energy transfer in Er/Ag co-doped antimony oxide glass
Author(s):
Tomasz Ragin;
Jacek Zmojda;
Marcin Kochanowicz;
Piotr Miluski;
Renata Jadach;
Maciej Sitarz;
Dominik Dorosz;
Jan Dorosz
Show Abstract
In this paper antimony-germanate oxide glasses doped with Er3+ and co-doped with Er3+/Ag ions were synthesized and measured in terms of absorbance and near-infrared emission parameters. Series of glasses with different molar concentration of erbium oxide led to the optimal rare earth ion content equal to 0.8 mol% Er2O3. The effect of the incorporation silver ions to the glass matrix on the absorption spectrum in the UV range (Ag: S0 → S1, 350 nm) was confirmed formation of silver ions as a nanoparticles or nanoclusters. In samples co-doped with Er3+/Ag ions decrease of near-infrared luminescence intensity has been observed indicating predominant energy transfer from erbium to silver ions (Er3+ → Ag).
Effect of Ag content on structural and luminescent properties of antimony-germanate-silicate glass doped with Eu3+ ions
Author(s):
Renata Jadach;
Jacek Zmojda;
Marcin Kochanowicz;
Piotr Miluski;
Tomasz Ragin;
Maciej Sitarz;
Dominik Dorosz
Show Abstract
The article presents the analysis of local field effect in antimony-germanate-silicate glass doped with europium and silver ions. The effect of AgNO3 concentration on structural and luminescent properties of fabricated glass doped with 0.2 mol. % Eu2O3 have been investigated. XRD and scanning electron microscopy measurements shown that fabricated glass are fully amorphous and the structure of each samples are uniform. Based on the infrared analysis visible effect of Ag ions on MIR absorbance was not observed. According to the luminescence analysis, in glasses with Ag excited at 395 nm the slightly increase of 5D0 → 7F2 transition (613 nm) in Eu3+ ions have been observed only after melting process.
The impact of the proportion of nanoparticles to the spherical microparticles of silver on the connection parameters LTJT
Author(s):
J. Szałapak;
K. Kiełbasiński;
J. Krzemiński;
M. Jakubowska
Show Abstract
There are few EU directives restricting use of lead and other hazardous substances in electronics. That leads to ban Pb- Sn alloy from use, the consequence of which is a search for new ways of preparing joints. One of the discussed solutions is using silver particles in Low Temperature Joining Technique (LTJT). This technique allows to use different conducting pastes and lower their sintering temperatures with the use of pressure. The most popular material for the joining tests was silver. Due to its high melting temperature and high pressures needed for lowering the temperature, silver nanoparticles were considered and tested. The temperatures of sintering decreased to 300ºC and the pressures went down from about 40 to less than 10 MPa. Due to unsatisfactory parameters of such joints, the authors prepared mixtures of spherical, submicron-sized silver particles with nanoparticles. Joints were tested for their electrical and shears strength parameters. In this article, the authors show the comparison of different variations of the mixtures with joints prepared only with nanoparticles.
Transparent electrodes made with ultrasonic spray coating technique for flexible heaters
Author(s):
G. Wroblewski;
J. Krzemiński;
D. Janczak;
J. Sowiński;
M. Jakubowska
Show Abstract
Transparent electrodes are one of the basic elements of various electronic components. The paper presents the preliminary results related to novel method of ultrasonic spray coating used for fabrication of transparent flexible electrodes. Experiments were conducted by means of specially made laboratory setup composed of ultrasonic spray generator and XYZ plotter. In the first part of the paper diverse solvents were used to determine the crucial technological parameters such as atomization voltage and fluid flow velocity. Afterwards paint containing carbon nanotubes suspended in the two solvent system was prepared and deposited on the polyethylene terephthalate foil. Thickness, roughness and electrical measurements were performed to designate the relations of technological parameters of ultrasonic spray coating on thickness, roughness, sheet resistance and optical transmission of fabricated samples.
Influence of structural disorder on the optical properties of non-stoichiometric Cu6Ps5I-based thin films
Author(s):
Ihor Studenyak;
Vitalii Izai;
Viktor Studenyak;
Andrij Bendak;
Mladen Kranjčec;
Peter Kúš;
Marian Mikula;
Branislav Grančič;
Tomaš Roch;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Tomasz Ławicki;
Egor Gurov
Show Abstract
Cu6PS5I-based thin films were deposited onto silicate glass substrates by magnetron sputtering. Chemical composition of the thin films was determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. With increasing Cu content, a red shift of the exponential absorption edge energy position as well as a decrease of the Urbach energy are observed. Optical transmission spectra of Cu8.05P0.68S3.54I0.73 thin film were investigated in the temperature interval 77–300 K; the temperature behaviour of the optical absorption spectra and the refractive index dispersion was studied. Temperature dependences of the energy position of the absorption edge, the Urbach energy, and the refractive index of the Cu8.05P0.68S3.54I0.73 thin film were analysed. The influence of structural disorder on the optical properties of the Cu6PS5Ibased thin films is discussed.
The thermal stability of the carbon-palladium films for hydrogen sensor applications
Author(s):
Joanna Rymarczyk;
Elżbieta Czerwosz;
Ryszard Diduszko;
Mirosław Kozłowski
Show Abstract
The thermal stability of two types of C-Pd films prepared in PVD process were studied. These films are composed of Pd nanograins embedded in a multiphase carbonaceous matrix. These films were distinguished by Pd content. These films were annealed in a range of temperatures 50÷1000°C. The structural, topographical and molecular changes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results show that investigated films are thermally stable up to 200°C.
C-Ni-Pd and CNT-Ni-Pd film's molecular and crystalline structure investigations by FTIR spectroscopy and XRD diffraction
Author(s):
Izabela Stępińska;
Elżbieta Czerwosz;
Ryszard Diduszko;
Mirosław Kozłowski;
Halina Wronka
Show Abstract
In this work molecular and crystalline structure of new type of nanocomposite films were investigated. These films compose of CNT decorated with palladium nanograins. They were prepared on a base of C-Ni films modified in CVD process. C-Ni nanocomposite films were obtained by PVD process and their modification by CVD leads to a growth of CNT film. CNTs-Ni or C-Ni films were treated with additional PVD process with palladium.
Nickel and palladium acetate and fulleren C
60 are precursors of films in PVD process. FTIR spectroscopy was used to studied the molecular structure of film in every stage of preparation . The crystalline structure of these films was studied by X-ray diffraction. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) was applied to investigate film’s surface topography.
Voltage resonance phenomenon and simulation of electrical properties of (FeCoZr)x(PbZrTiO3)(100-x) nanocomposite films
Author(s):
Oleksandr Boiko
Show Abstract
In this paper, the frequency dependencies of phase angle, capacity in a parallel replacement system, conductivity and loss coefficient of ferromagnetic alloy – ferroelectric ceramics nanocomposite (FeCoZr)x(PbZrTiO3)(100-x) with x = 55.9 at.% were studied. Tested material was deposited by ion beam sputtering with use of mixed argon-oxygen atmosphere in a vacuum chamber and subdued by a 15-min annealing in air in the temperature of Ta =498 K. The type of electrical conduction in the material for frequencies f < 2×105Hz was defined as capacitive. At frequencies above fR = 2×105 Hz there are positive phase angle values, which corresponds to the inductive type of conduction. This means that the voltage resonance occurs in the nanocomposite, which indicates the voltage compensation on the reactive (inductive and capacitive) components of the impedance in the sample. It leads to the appearance of minima and maxima on the Cp(f) and tgδ(f) characteristics respectively. The σ(f) characteristic demonstrates strong conductivity dependence from frequency, which can be explained by hopping mechanism of charge exchange in the material. The simulation of AC electrical parameters based on parallel connection of two branches with serial RLC elements were performed for the frequency range 50 Hz < f < 106Hz. It demonstrates high compatibility of measured and calculated results which suggests the possibility of replacing the actual conventional RLC circuits of electronic components and finding other applications of (FeCoZr)x(PbZrTiO3)(100-x) nanocomposites in electronics and engineering.
Pd-Ni-MWCNT nanocomposite thin films: preparation and structure
Author(s):
Mirosław Kozłowski;
Elżbieta Czerwosz;
Kamil Sobczak
Show Abstract
The properties of nanocomposite palladium-nickel-multi-walled (Pd-Ni-MWCNT) films deposited on aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) substrate have been prepared and investigated. These films were obtained by 3 step process consisted of PVD/CVD/PVD methods.
The morphology and structure of the obtained films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques at various stages of the film formation. EDX spectrometer was used to measurements of elements segregation in the obtained film. TEM and STEM (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy) observations showed MWCNTs decorated with palladium nanoparticles in the film obtained in the last step of film formation (final PVD process). The average size of the palladium nanoparticles observed both on MWCNTs and carbonaceous matrix does not exceed 5 nm. The research was conducted on the use of the obtained films as potential sensors of gases (e.g. H
2, NH
3, CO
2) and bio-sensors or optical sensors.
Lab-on-paper: fusion with foil and inkjet printing
Author(s):
Krzysztof Hackiewicz;
Jerzy Weremczuk
Show Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a combination of foil and InkJet printed structures in Lab-on-Paper device. Such a device can be used to analyze a concentration of salt in water (or any other substance) by measuring the impedance of the analyte. Lab-on-Paper can perform an analysis on a microscopic volume of substances. Their advantages is low price, small size or can be easy disposable or stored. In the paper was presented manufacturing and testing of device with colorimetric pH testers and impedance measurement.
Nanosilver conductive lines made by spray coating and aerosol jet printing technique
Author(s):
Jakub Krzeminski;
Grzegorz Wroblewski;
Lucja Dybowska-Sarapuk;
Sandra Lepak;
Malgorzata Jakubowska
Show Abstract
Printing electronics even though the printing techniques are known for a long time, are gaining in importance. The possibility of making the electronic circuits on flexible, big-area substrates with efficient and cheap technology make it attractive for the electronic industry. Spray coating, as a one of printing methods, additionally provide the chance to print on the non-flat, complicated shaped substrates. Despite the spray coating is mostly used to print a big pads, it is reachable to spray the separate conductive lines both as a quickly-produced prototype and as a fully manufactured circuit. Our work presents the directly printed lines with spray coating technique. For the printing process self-made ink was used. We tested three different approaches to line formation and compare them in the terms of line edge, resistivity and thickness. Line profiles provide the information about the roughness and the line size. In the end we showed the aerosol jet printed meander to give an overview of this similar to spray coating but more sophisticated technique.
Thermoelectric properties of SiGe whiskers with various morphology
Author(s):
Anatoly Druzhinin;
Ihor Ostrovskii;
Natalia Liakh-Kaguy;
Tomasz Zyska;
Azhar Tuleshova;
Maksabek Satymbekov;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
Thermoelectric properties of Si1-xGex (x = 0.03) solid solution whiskers doped with B impurities to the concentrations 1017 – 1019 cm-3 were studied in temperature range 300 - 420K. An influence of the whisker morphology, in particular their diameters and obliquity, on Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity and resistance was investigated. Seebeck coefficient and resistance was shown to increase, while thermal conductivity to decrease when the whisker diameter drops from 100 to 10μm, that is accompanied by a rise of figure of merit (up to 0,12 at 300K). Use of the whiskers with large obliquity leads to a small rise (of about 10 – 15%) increase of their Seebeck coefficient.
Modeling and fabrication of 4H-SiC Schottky junction
Author(s):
A. Martychowiec;
A. Pedryc;
A. Kociubiński
Show Abstract
The rapidly growing demand for electronic devices requires using of alternative semiconductor materials, which could replace conventional silicon. Silicon carbide has been proposed for these harsh environment applications (high temperature, high voltage, high power conditions) because of its wide bandgap, its high temperature operation ability, its excellent thermal and chemical stability, and its high breakdown electric field strength. The Schottky barrier diode (SBD) is known as one of the best refined SiC devices. This paper presents prepared model, simulations and description of technology of 4H-SiC Schottky junction as well as characterization of fabricated structures. The future aim of the application of the structures is an optical detection of an ultraviolet radiation. The model section contains a comparison of two different solutions of SBD’s construction. Simulations – as a crucial process of designing electronic devices – have been performed using the ATLAS device of Silvaco TCAD software. As a final result the paper shows I-V characteristics of fabricated diodes.
Modeling and simulation of 4H-SiC field effect transistor
Author(s):
A. Pedryc;
A. Martychowiec;
A. Kociubiński
Show Abstract
This paper presents the technological issue of silicon carbide MOSFET design. Through the use of simulations of silicon carbide transistor, the influence of the different the technological parameters are described and discussed. MOSFET transistor was performed in Silvaco TCAD using technology elaborated at Lublin University of Technology. The most important parameters related to ion implantation, which was used in p-i-n photodiode technology. The electrical simulations were performed, transfer and output characteristics for different values of technological parameters were generated – influence of gate oxide thickness on threshold voltage and influence of channel length modulation were checked. The results of simulations as well as transfer and output characteristics allowed to select optimal parameters between expected device working and available technology – gate oxide thickness and transistor channel length were established. This work was in fact carried out to increase our understanding of the device characteristics so as to allow the design of new SiC circuits which could meet the stressful requirements of ultraviolet detector systems.
Frequency pressure transducer with a sensitivity of mem capacitor on the basis of transistor structure with negative resistance
Author(s):
Oleksandr V. Osadchuk;
Iaroslav O. Osadchuk;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Tomasz Zyska;
Abenov Arman;
Akmaral Tleshova;
Żaklin Grądz
Show Abstract
In the article the pressure transducer with frequency output based on the structure of the bipolar-field transistors with negative resistance and tenso sensitive MEMS capacitor has been considered. A mathematical model of the frequency pressure transducer in dynamic regime has been developed that allowed to determine the voltage or current in the circuit at any given moment in time when acting this pressure. Analytical expressions of the conversion function and sensitivity equation has been received. The sensitivity of the developed device is between 0,95kHz/kPa to 1,65kHz/kPa.
Percolation threshold of granular metal-dielectric nanocomposites (FeCoZr)x(CaF2)1-x produced in atmosphere of argon and oxygen
Author(s):
Vitalii Bondariev
Show Abstract
The paper presents temperature-frequency dependencies of conductivity of the granular metal-dielectric nanocomposites (FeCoZr)x(CaF2)100-x. A series of nanocomposite samples with a different metallic phase content from range x = 41.3 – 86.1 at.% produced by twosources ion-beam sputtering in mixed atmosphere of argon and oxygen was tested. Analysis of results of temperature dependences of conductivity of the samples with metallic phase content x bellow 81.8 at.% obtained immediately after producing showed that nanocomposites (FeCoZr)x(CaF2)100-x exhibit dielectric properties, namely conductivity increases with the increase of measurement temperature. At the metal phase content x = 86,1 at.% inverse relationship of conductivity was observed, which menace that nanocomposite is characterized by metallic type of conductivity. Comparison of the conductivity at LNT (liquid nitrogen temperature) and at room temperature for different content of metallic phase allowed to set the percolation threshold for tested series of samples of nanocomposite (FeCoZr)x(CaF2)100-x. The change of type of conductivity from dielectric to metallic type takes place with metallic phase content about 82±0.2at.%.
Determination of the chemical composition and basic AC properties of nanocomposites (CoFeZr)x(SiOy)(100-x)
Author(s):
Karolina Czarnacka
Show Abstract
In this paper results of measurements of phase angle θ and capacity Cp dependences on frequency and temperature for
(CoFeZr)x(SiOy)(100-x) nanocomposite, immediately after preparation with metallic phase content x=48.36 at.%, are
presented. Based on mathematical and physical calculations, frequency dependence of conductivity was determined.
The material was obtained by ion-beam sputtering using argon ions. The impact of the sputtering process on the
chemical composition of this type of structure was determined. It was observed that material properties change with
frequency increasing from capacitive to inductive type. This is analogous to the voltage resonance in the serial RLC
circuits.
Gas sensitive material on the basis of cholesteric-nematic mixture doped carbon nanotubes for optoelectronic NH3 gas sensor
Author(s):
Vasyl S. Petryshak;
Maria V. Vistak;
Orest Y. Sushynkyi;
Zinoviy M. Mikityuk;
Hryhoriy I. Barylo;
Maksat Kalimoldayev;
Piotr Kisała;
Azamat Annabaev
Show Abstract
For nowadays the main goal for using the sensors are the investigations the new gas sensitive materials. Optical gas sensors are characterized by most of the high response. Such sensors distinguished by the high sensitivity, selectivity and stability and have long-term operation1. The principle of operation is based on the absorption of NH3 gas by sensitive element of primary transducer and changing the spectral characteristics. Principle of gas sensor operation is based on the registration of shift of the wavelength minimum in spectral characteristics of cholesteric-nematic mixture (CNM). In paper as sensitive material used the CNM on the basis of BLO-61 cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) with 5CB nematic liquid crystal (NLC) doped by single and multiwall carbon nanotubes. The optimal nanocomposite structure composition to obtain the maximum value of spectral sensitivity coefficient was determined. In paper was found the increasing the nanotubes concentration in CNM leads to increasing the spectral sensitivity coefficient independently of 5CB concentration in CNM, but the maximum nanotubes concentration was chosen to take in to account the optical transparency of experimental samples. Gas sensitive material on the basis of cholesteric-nematic mixture doped carbon nanotubes for optoelectronic NH3 gas sensor.
Statistical analysis of oil percolation through pressboard measured by optical recording
Author(s):
Przemysław Rogalski;
Czesław Kozak
Show Abstract
The paper presents a measuring station used to measure the percolation of transformer oil by electrotechnical pressboard.
Nytro Taurus insulating oil manufactured by Nynas company percolation rate by the Pucaro company pressboard
investigation was made. Approximately 60 samples of Pucaro made pressboard, widely used for insulation of power
transformers, was measured. Statistical analysis of oil percolation times were performed. The measurements made it
possible to determine the distribution of capillary diameters occurring in the pressboard.
Optical registration of the vacuum impregnation process of electrotechnical pressboard by transformer oil
Author(s):
Przemysław Rogalski;
Paweł Okal
Show Abstract
The paper presents a research stand developed to measure the kinetics of the vacuum impregnation process of electrotechnical pressboard with transformer oil. The object of the research was electrical pressboard made by Pucaro company impregnated by Nynas company Nytro Taurus oil. Studies were carried out in a vacuum chamber under reduced pressure. The results of the experiments allowed to determine the influence of reduced pressure on the impregnation process kinetics and to determine the diameter of the capillaries present in the electrotechnical pressboard.
Strain simulation in face turning of Ti6Al4V thin-walled parts
Author(s):
Grzegorz Struzikiewicz;
Wojciech Zębala
Show Abstract
An analysis of the part deformation in the face turning of the grooves was presented. A face-grooving process was performed on the disc-shaped part made of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. Investigations were performed in two stages. First, experimental studies were conducted to determine the level of the cutting forces for variable wall thickness and cutting data. In the second step of investigations, a computer simulation of the disc flange deformation was performed using finite element method in the NX Siemens software. Based on the analysis of the research results, the dependence of the direction and value of the cutting force on the deformation value has been determined.
Application of Taguchi method to optimization of surface roughness during precise turning of NiTi shape memory alloy
Author(s):
M. Kowalczyk
Show Abstract
This paper describes the research results of surface quality research after the NiTi shape memory alloy (Nitinol) precise turning by the tools with edges made of polycrystalline diamonds (PCD). Nitinol, a nearly equiatomic nickel–titanium shape memory alloy, has wide applications in the arms industry, military, medicine and aerospace industry, and industrial robots. Due to their specific properties NiTi alloys are known to be difficult-to-machine materials particularly by using conventional techniques. The research trials were conducted for three independent parameters (vc, f, ap) affecting the surface roughness were analyzed. The choice of parameter configurations were performed by factorial design methods using orthogonal plan type L9, with three control factors, changing on three levels, developed by G. Taguchi. S/N ratio and ANOVA analyses were performed to identify the best of cutting parameters influencing surface roughness.
Studies on possibilities of polymer composites with conductive nanomaterials application in wearable electronics
Author(s):
Kinga Gralczyk;
D. Janczak;
Ł. Dybowska-Sarapuk;
S. Lepak;
G. Wróblewski;
M. Jakubowska
Show Abstract
In the last few years there has been a growing interest in wearable electronic products, which are generating considerable interest especially in sport and medical industries. But rigid electronics is not comfortable to wear, so things like stretchable substrates, interconnects and electronic devices might help. Flexible electronics could adjust to the curves of a human body and allow the users to move freely. The objective of this paper is to study possibilities of polymer composites with conductive nanomaterials application in wearable electronics. Pastes with graphene, silver nanoplates and carbon nanotubes were manufactured and then interconnects were screen-printed on the surfaces of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and fabric. Afterwards, the resistance and mechanical properties of samples were examined, also after washing them in a washing machine. It has been found that the best material for the conductive phase is silver. Traces printed directly on the fabric using conductive composites with one functional phase (silver nanoplates or graphene or carbon nanotubes) are too fragile to use them as a common solution in wearable electronics. Mechanical properties can be improved not only by adding carbon nanotubes or graphene to the silver paste, but also by printing additional layer of graphene paste or carbon nanotube paste onto silver layer. In fact, these solutions are not sufficient enough to solve a problem of using these composites in wearable electronics.
Textile fibers coated with carbon nanotubes for smart clothing applications
Author(s):
Sandra Lepak;
Bartłomiej Lalek;
Daniel Janczak;
Łucja Dybowska-Sarapuk;
Jakub Krzemiński;
Małgorzata Jakubowska;
Agnieszka Łękawa-Raus
Show Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials: graphene, fullerenes and in particular carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are extremely interesting and extraordinary materials. It is mostly thanks to theirs unusual electrical and mechanical properties. Carbon nanotubes are increasingly examined to enable its usage in many fields of science and technology. It has been reported that there is a high possibility to use CNTs in electronics, optics, material engineering, biology or medicine. However, this material still interests and inspire scientists around the world and the list of different CNTs applications is constantly expanding. In this paper we are presenting a study on the possibility of application carbon nanotubes as a textile fiber coating for smart clothing applications. Various suspensions and pastes containing CNTs have been prepared as a possible coating onto textile fibers. Different application techniques have also been tested. Those techniques included painting with nanotube suspension, spray coating of suspensions and immersion. Following textile fibers were subject to tests: cotton, silk, polyester, polyamide and wool. Obtained composites materials were then characterized electrically by measuring the electrical resistance.
Selected aspects of cogeneration technology in distributed energy applications
Author(s):
Konrad Zuchora
Show Abstract
The paper presents an opinion on the use of distributed cogeneration technologies in the power industry. It offers worked out experiences and views on the idea of using renewable energy sources in the conventional power industry. The effects of the work done are analysed arguments concerning the use of cogeneration and renewable energy sources in the micropower industry, and developed ways of the functioning of the distributed energy generation system. The publication presents conclusions and simulation results of the criterial work of a micropower system containing in its structure renewable energy sources and a cogeneration unit.
Multirotor micro air vehicle autonomous landing system based on image markers recognition
Author(s):
Marcin Skoczylas;
Lukasz Gadomer;
Wojciech Walendziuk
Show Abstract
In this paper the idea of an autonomic drone landing system which bases on different markers detection, is presented. The issue of safe autonomic drone landing is one of the major aspects connected with drone missions. The idea of the proposed system is to detect the landing place, marked with an image called marker, using one of the image recognition algorithms, and heading during the landing procedure to this place. Choosing the proper marker, which allows the greatest quality of the recognition system, is the main problem faced in this paper. Seven markers are tested and compared. The achieved results are described and discussed.
Design of circuits of multilevel inverter on IGBT transistors with pulse-amplitude control
Author(s):
Kyrmyzy Taissariyeva;
Uljalgas Seidaliyeva
Show Abstract
This article considers the design of circuits of multilevel inverter on IGBT transistors with pulse-amplitude control. The output of multilevel inverter on IGBT transistors can produce voltage, which is close to the sinusoidal form. The main task of this multilevel inverter is the conversion of solar energy into electric power of industrial frequency. There has been carried out the analysis of the obtained output curves of the voltage for sinusoidal behavior. This scientific article describes the developed scheme of the multilevel inverter, which allows to obtain at the output the voltage, close to the sinusoidal voltage, and also the regulation of level of the output voltage. In multilevel inverters on IGBT transistors with pulse-amplitude modulation, the formation of the multilevel voltage, approximating a sinusoid, is realized by summing the voltages of power supplies. The best option is considered when the multilevel voltage is applied to the input of the inverter and the sinusoidal voltage is formed at the output of the inverter.
Chosen sources of signal interference in HD-TVI technology
Author(s):
Marcin Królikowski;
Mirosław Płaza;
Zbigniew Szcześniak
Show Abstract
The article presents characteristics of popular systems of CCTV and includes a description of basic groups of devices appearing in these systems. The research part contains analysis of interferences that may appear in HD-TVI technology which is one of the most modern technologies introduced in CCTV systems. There were examined video signal interferences caused by: impact of power supply, influence of the parameters of the transmission path and impact of external devices. There are discussed relevant methods of eliminating the examined irregularities.
Exploring disk performance benchmarks
Author(s):
Kazimierz Krosman;
Janusz Sosnowski
Show Abstract
In the paper we discuss the problem of evaluating disc performance with benchmarks. In particular, we concentrate on assessing benchmark properties. For this purpose we have developed benchmark managing platform which allows us to enhance the benchmark execution process with monitoring performance counters. The developed methodology and tool do not need additional benchmark instrumentation and have a negligible impact on its execution. The usefulness of this approach has been illustrated with experimental results covering a representative set of benchmark programs.
Reduction of peak energy demand based on smart appliances energy consumption adjustment
Author(s):
P. Powroźnik;
R. Szulim
Show Abstract
In the paper the concept of elastic model of energy management for smart grid and micro smart grid is presented. For the proposed model a method for reducing peak demand in micro smart grid has been defined. The idea of peak demand reduction in elastic model of energy management is to introduce a balance between demand and supply of current power for the given Micro Smart Grid in the given moment. The results of the simulations studies were presented. They were carried out on real household data available on UCI Machine Learning Repository. The results may have practical application in the smart grid networks, where there is a need for smart appliances energy consumption adjustment. The article presents a proposal to implement the elastic model of energy management as the cloud computing solution. This approach of peak demand reduction might have application particularly in a large smart grid.
The realization of temperature controller for small resistance measurement system
Author(s):
Jakub Sobecki;
Wojciech Walendziuk;
Adam Idzkowski
Show Abstract
This paper concerns the issues of construction and experimental tests of a temperature stabilization system for small resistance increments measurement circuits. After switching the system on, a PCB board heats up and the long-term temperature drift altered the measurement result. The aim of this work is reducing the time of achieving constant nominal temperature by the measurement system, which would enable decreasing the time of measurements in the steady state. Moreover, the influence of temperatures higher than the nominal on the measurement results and the obtained heating curve were tested. During the working process, the circuit heats up to about 32 °C spontaneously, and it has the time to reach steady state of about 1200 s. Implementing a USART terminal on the PC and an NI USB-6341 data acquisition card makes recording the data (concerning temperature and resistance) in the digital form and its further processing easier. It also enables changing the quantity of the regulator settings. This paper presents sample results of measurements for several temperature values and the characteristics of the temperature and resistance changes in time as well as their comparison with the output values. The object identification is accomplished due to the Ziegler-Nichols method. The algorithm of determining the step characteristics parameters and examples of computations of the regulator settings are included together with example characteristics of the object regulation.
The influence of electric field intensity on the activation energy of the DC conductivity the electrical pressboard of impregnated with synthetic ester
Author(s):
Marek Zenker;
Konrad Kierczyński
Show Abstract
In the paper presents the influence of electric field intensity on the activation energy of the DC conductivity the electrical pressboard impregnated with synthetic ester in the measuring temperature range of from 20°C to 80°C and the electric field intensity range from 10 kV/m to 1000 kV/m. With Arrhenius plots for pressboard sample about the moisture content 6% wt. and for all of the electric field intensity was determined coefficients of determination R2, which are very close to one. This proves the high accuracy of approximation linear experimental results on the Arrhenius plots and highly accurate measurements of conductivity. It was found that for pressboard sample about the moisture content of 6% wt. impregnated with synthetic ester and the electric field intensity does not affect (in the margin of error) on the activation energy value of the DC conductivity, which is (0.59075±0.01202) eV.
Compensation of hard- and soft-iron distortions is magnetometer measurement data
Author(s):
Aleksander Sawicki;
Zdenek Slanina;
Arturas Linkel
Show Abstract
This article presents compensation methods of the adverse effect of Hard and Soft ferromagnetics on MEMS magnetometers indications. The tilts compensation method, for the data obtained from this type of inertial sensors, is thoroughly presented. The technique of the Yaw angle and the influence of ferromagnetic distortions on the value of its estimation are discussed. The calibration procedure and the ferromagnetic influence on the distribution of recorded measurement data are described in detail. Finally, the method of coefficients compensation for simultaneous Hard- and Soft-Iron distortions is presented.
Opportunistic tri-band carrier aggregation in licensed spectrum for multi-operator 5G hetnet
Author(s):
Taras Maksymuk ;
Maryan Kyryk;
Mykhailo Klymash;
Minho Jo;
Ryszard Romaniuk;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Aizhan Zhanpeisova;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
Increasing capacity of mobile networks is a real challenge due to rapid increasing of traffic demands and spectrum scarcity. Carrier aggregation technology is aimed to increase the user data rate by combining the throughput of few spectrum bands, even if they are not physically collocated. Utilization of unlicensed Wi-Fi 5 GHz band for mobile transmission opens new perspectives for carrier aggregation due to vast amount of spectrum range, which can be available for aggregation to supplement data rates for end users. There are many solutions proposed to enable mobile data transmission in unlicensed band without disturbing interference for the existing Wi-Fi users. The paper presents a new approach for opportunistic carrier aggregation in licensed and unlicensed band for multi-operator 5G network. It allows multiple network operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum opportunistically if it is not currently used by Wi-Fi or other mobile network operators. Performance of the proposed approach has been simulated in case of two competing operators. Simulation results reveal that applying the proposed method ensures achieving satisfactory performance of carrier aggregation for the case of two network operators.
Air condition sensor on KNX network
Author(s):
Katerina Gecova;
David Vala;
Zdenek Slanina;
Wojciech Walendziuk
Show Abstract
One of the main goals of modern buildings in addition to the management environment is also attempt to save energy. For this reason, increased demands on the prevention of energy loss, which can be expressed for example as an inefficient use of the available functions as a building or heat leakage. Reducing heat loss as a perfect tightness of doors and windows in the building, however, restricts the natural ventilation, which leads to a gradual deterioration of the quality of the internal environment. This state then has a very significant impact on human health. In the closed, poorly ventilated area, the person staying at increasing the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and humidity, which impacts the human thermoregulation system, increases fatigue and causes restlessness. It is therefore necessary to monitor these parameters and then control so as to ensure stable and optimal human values. The aim is to design and implementation Module sensors that will be able to measure different parameters, allowing the subsequent regulation of indoor environmental quality.
Determining of combustion process state based on flame images analysis using k-NN classification
Author(s):
Daniel Sawicki
Show Abstract
This paper presents comparison image classification method of combustion biomass and pulverized coal. Presented research is related with 20% weight fraction of the biomass. Defined two class of combustion: stable and unstable for nine variants with different power, secondary air value parameters and fixed amount biomass. Used k-nearest neighbors algorithm classification to test, validation and classify flame image which correspond with the state of the combustion process.
The use of combined classification for analysis of the combustion process state
Author(s):
Daniel Sawicki
Show Abstract
In present work comparison combined image classification method of co-firing biomass and pulverized coal are proposed. The images were captured by vision monitoring system with camera and a borescope. Presented research is related with 20% weight fraction of the biomass. Defined two class of combustion: stable and unstable for nine variants with different power, secondary air value parameters and fixed amount biomass. Used combined classification of algorithm (MLP, SVM, k-NN, LDA, QDA) to classify flame image which correspond with the state of the combustion process.
Experimental measurement of energy harvesting with backpack
Author(s):
Radka Pavelkova;
David Vala;
Pavel Suranek;
Miroslav Mahdal
Show Abstract
This article deals with the energy harvesting systems, especially the energy harvesting backpack, which appears as a convenient means for energy harvesting for mobile sensors power. Before starting the experiment, it was necessary to verify whether this energy will be sufficient to get acquainted with the human kinematics and analyze problematics itself. For this purpose there was used motion capture technology from Xsens. Measured data on the position of a particle moving man and back when walking, these data were then used for experimental realization of energy harvesting backpack and as input data to the simulation in Simulink, which brought us a comparison between theoretical assumptions and practical implementation. When measuring characteristics of energy harvesting system we have a problem with measurements on backpack solved when redoing of the hydraulic cylinder as a source of a suitable movement corresponding to the amplitude and frequency of human walk.
IoT-based flood embankments monitoring system
Author(s):
E. Michta;
R. Szulim;
A. Sojka-Piotrowska;
K. Piotrowski
Show Abstract
In the paper a concept of flood embankments monitoring system based on using Internet of Things approach and Cloud Computing technologies will be presented. The proposed system consists of sensors, IoT nodes, Gateways and Cloud based services. Nodes communicates with the sensors measuring certain physical parameters describing the state of the embankments and communicates with the Gateways. Gateways are specialized active devices responsible for direct communication with the nodes, collecting sensor data, preprocess the data, applying local rules and communicate with the Cloud Services using communication API delivered by cloud services providers. Architecture of all of the system components will be proposed consisting IoT devices functionalities description, their communication model, software modules and services bases on using a public cloud computing platform like Microsoft Azure will be proposed. The most important aspects of maintaining the communication in a secure way will be shown.
Safety recommendation component of mobile information assistant of the tourist
Author(s):
Valeriya V. Savchuk;
Natalia E. Kunanec;
Volodymyr V. Pasichnyk;
Piotr Popiel;
Róża Weryńska-Bieniasz;
Gulzhamal Kashaganova;
Aliya Kalizhanova
Show Abstract
The goal of article is to introduce and justify the need for the safety system components of Mobile Information of the tourist (MIAT). One of the objectives of the system is to determine the level of risk in a particular tourist destination on the basis of available information in the knowledge base.
Online single-factor measured active nodal load forecasting in an electric power system
Author(s):
Pavlo O. Chernenko;
Sviatoslav Yu. Shevchenko;
Andrzej Smolarz;
Gaini Karnakova;
Miergul Kozhambardiyeva;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
Two techniques for online nodal load (NL) forecasting using preliminary classification of training set data are proposed. In the first one, a pattern recognition method, the rate evaluation algorithm (REM), is applied to measured load values of the previous day to classify load diagram that is being forecasted. Diagrams from resulting class are used to calculate load predictions. In the second technique, measured load values of a diagram from training set, which is the closest to the one being predicted, are used as estimates of predicted load values. Online NL forecasting using the mentioned above methods has been conducted. The corresponding mean square errors are given.
Method of image texture segmentation using Laws' energy measures
Author(s):
Roman Kvyetnyy;
Olga Sofina;
Alla Olesenko;
Paweł Komada;
Jan Sikora;
Aliya Kalizhanova;
Saule Smailova
Show Abstract
This article suggests the method of image segmentation, using Laws` texture energy measures. This method allows identifying segments of images efficiently for their further use in the image processing. Laws` measures describe the image most accurately, resulting in making it easier and more efficient in comparison with the other approaches to allocate separate classes of textures. In order to obtain these measures the sixteen masks are calculated. Resulting energy measures can be provided after applying each of the masks to the image. The developed algorithm was tested using a set of test images. Analysis of the obtained results has showed that in case of visually similar texture images the transition to energy maps significantly improves the correlation coefficient and therefore emphasizes textural features of the images and makes it possible to identify the similarities of textures. In order to evaluate the results of efficiency of developed algorithm properly, its results have been compared to the segmentation method based on matrix matches. It was proved that segmentation based on Laws` measures can detect various types of texture more precisely and with greater speed of operation.
Multi-channel temperature measurement system for automotive battery stack
Author(s):
Radoslaw Lewczuk;
Wojciech Wojtkowski
Show Abstract
A multi-channel temperature measurement system for monitoring of automotive battery stack is presented in the paper. The presented system is a complete battery temperature measuring system for hybrid / electric vehicles that incorporates multi-channel temperature measurements with digital temperature sensors communicating through 1-Wire buses, individual 1-Wire bus for each sensor for parallel computing (parallel measurements instead of sequential), FPGA device which collects data from sensors and translates it for CAN bus frames. CAN bus is incorporated for communication with car Battery Management System and uses additional CAN bus controller which communicates with FPGA device through SPI bus. The described system can parallel measure up to 12 temperatures but can be easily extended in the future in case of additional needs. The structure of the system as well as particular devices are described in the paper. Selected results of experimental investigations which show proper operation of the system are presented as well.
Different grades MEMS accelerometers error characteristics
Author(s):
M. Pachwicewicz;
J. Weremczuk
Show Abstract
The paper presents calibration effects of two different MEMS accelerometers of different price and quality grades and discusses different accelerometers errors types. The calibration for error determining is provided by reference centrifugal measurements. The design and measurement errors of the centrifuge are discussed as well. It is shown that error characteristics of the sensors are very different and it is not possible to use simple calibration methods presented in the literature in both cases.
Ground control station software design for micro aerial vehicles
Author(s):
Wojciech Walendziuk;
Daniel Oldziej;
Dawid Przemyslaw Binczyk;
Maciej Slowik
Show Abstract
This article describes the process of designing the equipment part and the software of a ground control station used for configuring and operating micro unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). All the works were conducted on a quadrocopter model being a commonly accessible commercial construction. This article contains a characteristics of the research object, the basics of operating the micro aerial vehicles (MAV) and presents components of the ground control station model. It also describes the communication standards for the purpose of building a model of the station. Further part of the work concerns the software of the product – the GIMSO application (Generally Interactive Station for Mobile Objects), which enables the user to manage the actions and communication and control processes from the UAV. The process of creating the software and the field tests of a station model are also presented in the article.
Research and neutralizing of spiral deterioration impact to the accuracy of measuring of the volume of sand classifier
Author(s):
Vasilii A. Kondratets;
Anatolii N. Matsui;
Wojciech Surtel;
Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev;
Vladimir Kovalenko;
Aigul Iskakova
Show Abstract
The findings have been expounded of the theoretical research aimed at the disclosure of the precise impact of the wear of the mechanical classifier spiral's working parts on the measurement accuracy of the amount of sand in the inter-turn space based on the sand body height. It has been demonstrated that the wear of the spiral's working parts affects both the amount of sand at a certain value of the height of its body and the measurement accuracy of the height itself, with the measurement conducted by the locating method. At a certain constant height of the sand body, less sand is accommodated in the spiral inter-turn space when the operational wear of the working parts is observed, and that “less” can amount to up to 30%. As a result of the working parts' allowable operational wear, the sand body height measurement vertical line coordinates change leading to a relative systemic error, which can reach 20%. That does not make it possible to directly measure the amount of sand in the inter-turn space based on the height of the sand body. The approaches developed make it possible to neutralize the relative sand body height measurement error and to ensure the determination of the amount of sand based on the height of its body with an error not exceeding the process requirements for that parameter's monitoring accuracy.
Smart grid technologies in local electric grids
Author(s):
Petro D. Lezhniuk;
Paweł Pijarski;
Olga A. Buslavets
Show Abstract
The research is devoted to the creation of favorable conditions for the integration of renewable sources of energy into electric grids, which were designed to be supplied from centralized generation at large electric power stations. Development of distributed generation in electric grids influences the conditions of their operation – conflict of interests arises. The possibility of optimal functioning of electric grids and renewable sources of energy, when complex criterion of the optimality is balance reliability of electric energy in local electric system and minimum losses of electric energy in it. Multilevel automated system for power flows control in electric grids by means of change of distributed generation of power is developed. Optimization of power flows is performed by local systems of automatic control of small hydropower stations and, if possible, solar power plants.
Complex information and technical solutions for energy management of municipal energetics
Author(s):
Andriy Perekrest;
Vira Shendryk;
Paweł Pijarski;
Yuliia Parfenenko;
Sergii Shendryk
Show Abstract
The tools for energy management of district heating on the consumer side are proposed in this article. The information system of making decision support in the management of heat supply which carries out the heating monitoring, forecast of heat consumption and decision support of the heating modes regulation is developed. To make the decisions on heating modes regulation the system of automatic heating control in individual heating substation is proposed. Using of these systems allows managing the heating system in individual heating substation and reducing heat consumption on the consumer side.
Matching of renewable source of energy generation graphs and electrical load in local energy system
Author(s):
Petro Lezhniuk;
Vyacheslav Komar;
Dmytro Sobchuk;
Sergiy Kravchuk;
Piotr Kacejko;
Vladislav Zavadskiy
Show Abstract
The paper contains the method of matching generation graph of photovoltaic electric stations and consumers. Characteristic feature of this method is the application of morphometric analysis for assessment of non-uniformity of the integrated graph of energy supply, optimal coefficients of current distribution, that enables by mean of refining the powers, transferring in accordance with the graph , to provide the decrease of electric energy losses in the grid and transport task, as the optimization tool.
Sensor set-up for wireless measurement of automotive rim and wheel parameters in laboratory conditions
Author(s):
M. Borecki;
P. Prus;
M. L. Korwin-Pawlowski;
A. Rychlik;
W. Kozubel
Show Abstract
Modern rims and wheels are tested at the design and production stages. Tests can be performed in laboratory conditions and on the ride. In the laboratory, complex and costly equipment is used, as for example wheel balancers and impact testers. Modern wheel balancers are equipped with electronic and electro-mechanical units that enable touch-less measurement of dimensions, including precision measurement of radial and lateral wheel run-out, automatic positioning and application of the counterweights, and vehicle wheel set monitoring - tread wear, drift angles and run-out unbalance. Those tests are performed by on-wheel axis measurements with laser distance meters. The impact tester enables dropping of weights from a defined height onto a wheel. Test criteria are the loss of pressure of the tire and generation of cracks in the wheel without direct impact of the falling weights.
In the present paper, a set up composed of three accelerometers, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor is examined as the base of a wheel tester. The sensor set-up configuration, on-line diagnostic and signal transmission are discussed.
The peculiarity of the construction of an optical-electronic system for measurement of geometrical parameters of objects in the micrometer range
Author(s):
Olga M. Markina;
Maksym O. Markin;
Maryna V. Filippova;
Damian Harasim;
Kanat Mussabekov;
Azamat Annabayev
Show Abstract
The optical-electronic system for measuring of geometrical parameters of micrometrical objects is a difficult process that requires the observance of certain features designing or improvement. The observance of that will provide a higher measurement accuracy compared with the accuracy metrics of measurement that were developed without compliance with these design features. Every feature of the design reduces the error of the functioning of individual nodes of the system or errors in nodes under the influence of various internal or external factors. When reducing or eliminating each factor of occurrence of the error, respectively, will increase the overall measurement accuracy. In this work, the result of introducing measurement error for each factor is determined experimentally and proved the correctness of such actions.
Experimental researches of the measurement error to the stage of compliance with subtleties in the improvement of the opto-electronic system was 10 ± 1.5 μm, and after improvement with considering of the specifics of the design measurement error of geometrical parameters was 10 ± 0,33 μm.
Vibration diagnostic system for evaluation of state interconnected electrical motors mechanical parameters
Author(s):
Oleksandr M. Vasilevskyi;
Pavlo I. Kulakov;
Igor A. Dudatiev;
Volodymyr M. Didych;
Andrzej Kotyra;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Azat Assembay;
Ainur Kozbekova
Show Abstract
The paper presents the structural diagram and mathematical model of a vibration diagnostic system to measure angular velocities of two interconnected electric motors. The system is based on vibration signals and the control signals of the motor mechanical parameters. The measurement procedure of the rotor rotational speed is based on vibration signals during synchronization. The procedure presented allows simultaneous measurement and synchronization frequencies of rotation to diagnose of the motors' mechanical parts. The calculated reduced error of synchronizing frequencies of rotation of the rotors, which is 0.45% of the measurement range of frequencies of rotation from 0 to 80Hz.
Chip flow analysis during the turning of an aircraft part made of stainless steel
Author(s):
Grzegorz Struzikiewicz;
Wojciech Zębala;
Ksenia Rumian
Show Abstract
The paper describes research concerning the method of the chips forming for the face turning of stainless steel. In the study a series of tests of finishing and roughing turning were carried out. A process of chip formation in the cutting zone was recorded using the high speed camera Phantom 5.2. The direction and speed of the chips flow were estimated in the computer program for analysis of the point movement. An effort was made to determine the approximate trajectory of the chip flow in the XYZ system.
Real-time pitch shifting using a general purpose microcontroller
Author(s):
Szymon Buś;
Konrad Jędrzejewski
Show Abstract
In this paper, a real-time implementation of pitch shifting with use of phase vocoder algorithm is presented. The goal was to create a system that would allow to process audio signal in real time with use of a general purpose microcontroller. The task was a challenge due to relative complexity of the algorithm and limited computational capacity of the microcontroller, whose architecture is by nature much more universal than that of dedicated digital signal processors. The results of experiments with the developed system are presented and discussed in the paper.
Adaptive sub-ranging ADC with autocalibration of internal components offsets
Author(s):
Konrad Jędrzejewski;
Łukasz Małkiewicz
Show Abstract
The paper presents a new method for autocalibration of offsets of internal components in adaptive sub-ranging analog-todigital
converters (ADCs). The adaptive sub-ranging ADCs, like other iterative ADCs, are very sensitive to offsets
caused by technological imperfections. To achieve higher effective resolution in a sub-ranging ADC, offsets should be
accordingly diminished, which is achieved using sophisticated techniques usually causing increase of power
consumption as well as complexity and size of ADC. But the structure of adaptive sub-ranging ADC and the way of
calculation of output codes create a possibility to compensate offsets during conversion of input samples. Moreover,
using the internal digital-to-analog converter (DAC) as a source of calibration signal in the procedure of offsets
estimation and addition of a calibration program in the digital part of the converter, enable automatization and
autonomization (no additional instruments are needed) of the calibration process. Usefulness and limitations of the
proposed solution were confirmed in computer simulations whose main results are presented and discussed in the paper.
Implementation of the proposed solution enables to increase effective resolution of ADCs and simultaneously to weaken
the requirements on acceptable level of offsets of ADC components.
Development and verification of a measuring stand for recording the physical phenomena during turning
Author(s):
Ł. Ślusarczyk;
E. Franczyk
Show Abstract
The paper describes a measuring stand which allows recording physical phenomena during the turning. The stand allows
recording the temperature in the machining zone, cutting forces and fast-changing images. The temperature in the
machining zone was recorded using a FLIR SC 620 thermographic camera, and the obtained thermograms were analysed
using the ThermaCam Researcher application. A PHANTOM v 5.2 camera with a NIKKOR 200 mm prime lens and
CineViewer software was used to record and analyse the fast-changing images. The cutting forces were recorded in a
measuring path which comprised a KISTLER 9257B dynamometer, KISTLER 5070A charge amplifier, and DynoWare
software. The laboratory tests involved verification of the correct operation of this stand. The turning tests were
performed on an elongated workpiece made of hard-machinable steel. The analysis of results allows a verification of the
correct operation of the stand.
Implementation of thermoelectric module for cooling process of microscale experimental room
Author(s):
Justyna Gołębiowska;
Agnieszka Żelazna;
Paweł Zioło
Show Abstract
Thermoelectric modules, also known as Peltier modules, are used for cooling small devices and also, according to
literature, in refrigeration. They can be an alternative to conventional refrigeration systems based on the use of
compressors chillers powered by AC power. Peltier modules are powered by direct current (DC), which allows to power
them directly supply by photovoltaic modules.
In this paper operation of thermoelectric module used for cooling experimental room of cubature 0.125 m3 is
presented. The study involves investigation of temperatures achieved on the cold and hot sides of module and inside the
experimental room depending on the values of module supplying current. These studies provide an introduction to the
assessment of the influence of different methods of heat removal on the hot side of thermoelectric module on cooling
efficiency of whole system.
Preliminary verification tests of mains harmonics generator
Author(s):
Michał Marszalec;
Bartosz Rynowiecki;
Marzenna Lusawa
Show Abstract
Environmental protection affects strongly the subject of power quality. Currently there are a lot of quality analyzers in
use. Power and energy quality analyzers used in many fields should be calibrated in qualified competent laboratories.
The heart of verification measurement system in calibration laboratory is precision harmonic signal generator, which
should be calibrated and verified periodically. This article shows preliminary results of calibration process of harmonic
generator in the field of frequency and voltage. The schemes and analysis of results are also presented. The method of
calibration was invented and tested in the laboratory conditions in National Institute of Telecommunications.
Monitoring of the combustion process under industrial conditions
Author(s):
Żaklin M. Grądz
Show Abstract
The article presents the issue of monitoring the combustion process under industrial conditions. In order to ensure the adequate efficiency of the process, it should occur under optimal conditions, while the amount of pollution emitted into the atmosphere should be mitigated. The analysis of the combustion process under industrial conditions is usually conducted with the flame emission spectroscopy and flame imaging methods.
Self-organizing intelligent network of smart electrical heating devices as an alternative to traditional ways of heating
Author(s):
Aleksander M. Zaslavsky;
Viktor V. Tkachov;
Stanislav M. Protsenko;
Andrii V. Bublikov;
Batyrbek Suleimenov;
Nurbek Orshubekov;
Konrad Gromaszek
Show Abstract
The paper considers the problem of automated decentralized distribution of the electric energy among unlimited-power electric heaters providing the given temperature distribution within the zones of monitored object heating in the context of maximum use of electric power which limiting level is time-dependent randomly. Principles of collective selforganization automata for solving the problem are analyzed. It has been shown that after all the automata make decision, equilibrium of Nash type is attained when unused power within the electric network is not more than a power of any non-energized electric heater.
Methodology of shooting training using modern IT techniques
Author(s):
Grzegorz Gudzbeler;
Jarosław Struniawski
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Mastering, improvement, shaping and preservation of skills of safe, efficient and effective use of the firearm requires the use of relevant methodology of conducting the shooting training. However reality of police trainings does not usually allow for intensive training shooting with the use of ammunition. An alternative solution is the use of modern training technologies. Example of this is the "Virtual system of improvement tactics of intervention services responsible for security and shooting training." Introduction of stimulator to police trainings will enable complete stuff preparation to achieve its tasks, creating potential of knowledge and experience in many areas, far exceeding the capabilities of conventional training.
Development of an algorithm for controlling a multilevel three-phase converter
Author(s):
Kyrmyzy Taissariyeva;
Lyazzat Ilipbaeva
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This work is devoted to the development of an algorithm for controlling transistors in a three-phase multilevel conversion system. The developed algorithm allows to organize a correct operation and describes the state of transistors at each moment of time when constructing a computer model of a three-phase multilevel converter. The developed algorithm of operation of transistors provides in-phase of a three-phase converter and obtaining a sinusoidal voltage curve at the converter output.
