A distillation of Dr. Wyant's course at the University of Arizona, this Field Guide covers the key fundamentals of interferometry, types of interferometers and interferograms, concepts of phase-shifting interferometry, long-wavelength interferometry, testing of aspheric surfaces, measurement of surface microstructure, flat and curved surface testing, and absolute measurements.
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Table of Contents
- Glossary x
- Fundamentals of Interferometry 1
- Two-Beam Interference Equation 1
- Basic Concepts and Definitions 2
- Conditions for Obtaining Fringes 3
- Visibility 4
- Spatial Coherence 5
- Polarization 6
- Beamsplitters 7
- Plate and Pellicle Beamsplitters 8
- Interferometers 9
- The Interferometer 9
- Classic Fizeau Interferograms 10
- Newton's Rings 11
- Twyman-Green Interferometer 12
- Compensating Plate 13
- PBS-based Twyman-Green Interferometer 14
- Laser-based Fizeau 15
- Mach-Zender Interferometer 17
- Beam Testing 18
- Lateral Shear Interferometry 19
- Rotating Grating LSI 20
- Radial Shear Interferometer 21
- Interferograms 22
- Interferograms 22
- Wavefront Aberration Coefficients 23
- Zernike Polynomials 24
- RMS Wavefront Error 26
- Spherical Aberration Interferograms 27
- Astigmatism Interferograms 28
- Interferograms-Other Aberrations 29
- Moiré 30
- Moiré and Interferograms 31
- Phase-Shifting Interferometry 32
- Direct Phase Measurement 32
- Methods for Phase Shifting 33
- Continuous Phase Shifting 34
- Liquid Crystal Retarder 35
- Phase Shifting Algorithms 36
- Basic Phase Unwrapping 37
- Phase Stepping vs. Phase Ramping 38
- Errors in PSI 39
- Quantization Errors 40
- Incorrect Phase Shift 41
- Avoiding Vibrations 42
- Spatial Synchronous and Fourier Methods 43
- Spatial Carrier Interferometry 44
- Ground Glass 45
- Surface Microstructure 46
- Surface Microstructure 46
- Nomarski Interference Microscope 47
- Fringes of Equal Chromatic Order (FECO) 48
- Phase-Shifting Interference Microscope 49
- Multiple-Wavelength Interferometer 50
- Vertical Scanning Techniques 51
- Flat Surface Testing 52
- Flat Surface Testing 52
- Mirrors--Continued 53
- Windows--Continued 54
- Prisms 55
- Corner Cubes 56
- Curved Surface Testing 57
- Testing Curved Surfaces-Test Plate 57
- Curved Surfaces-Twyman-Green 58
- Curved Surfaces-Laser-based Fizeau 59
- Testing Lenses or Lens Systems 60
- Shack Cube Interferometer 61
- Scatterplate Interferometer 62
- Phase-Shifting Scatterplate Interferometer 63
- Long-Wavelength Interferometry 64
- Smartt Point Diffraction Interferometer 65
- Phase Shifting a PDI 66
- Sommargren Diffraction Interferometer 67
- Curved Surfaces, VSWLI 68
- Absolute Measurements 69
- Absolute Measurements: Flats 69
- Absolute Measurements: Spheres 70
- Asphere Testing 71
- Aspheric Surfaces 71
- Aspheric Testing 72
- Hyperboloid Null Tests 73
- Offner Null 74
- Holographic Null Optics 75
- CGH Basics 76
- CGH Design Guidelines 77
- Non-Null Tests 78
- Reverse Raytracing 79
- Sub-Nyquist Interferometry 80
- Long-Wavelength Interferometry 81
- Appendices 82
- Non-Interferometric Testing 82
- Foucault (Knife-Edge) Test 83
- Ronchi Test 85
- Equation Summary 86
- Bibliography 93
- Index 97
