James. G. Fujimoto is a principal investigator in the Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

The RLE Laser Medicine and Medical Imaging Group and its close collaborators were the originators of optical coherence tomography (OCT). The group currently works to further understand and exploit the capabilities of OCT technology, with ongoing investigations in topics related to optical coherence microscopy development and optical biopsy using OCT.

Fujimoto's area of research involves the development and application of femtosecond laser technology, studies of ultrafast phenomena, and laser medicine and surgery.

He is chair of the annual Biomedical Optics symposium, held each January at SPIE Photonics West. He is a Fellow of SPIE.