Top 10 Downloads by Technology

Updated 13 January 2012

Updated monthly, each list includes a cross-disciplinary sampling of the most frequently downloaded papers from SPIE Conference Proceedings and SPIE Journal papers. Each title is linked to the abstract page for that paper on the SPIE Digital Library. 

Astronomy: Large Binocular Telescope Adaptive Optics System: new achievements and perspectives in adaptive optics (Proceedings of SPIE)

Biomedical Optics & Medical Imaging: Tissue polarimetry: concepts, challenges, applications, and outlook (J. Biomedical Optics) 

Defense & Security: Review of current aided/automatic target acquisition technology for military target acquisition tasks (Optical Engineering)

Electronic Imaging & Signal Processing: Toward a digital camera to rival the human eye (J. Electronic Imaging)

Illumination & Displays: Is solid state lighting ready for the incandescent lamp phase-out? (Proceedings of SPIE)

Lasers & Sources: Microfabrication by optical tweezers (Proceedings of SPIE) 

Micro/Nano Lithography: Materials challenges for sub-20-nm lithography (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)

Nanotechnology: Optical properties of nanostructured materials: a review (J. Nanophotonics)

Optical Design & Engineering: Compressed sensing for practical optical imaging systems: a tutorial (Optical Engineering)

Optoelectronics & Communications: High-power high-brightness semiconductor lasers based on novel waveguide concepts (Proceedings of SPIE)

Remote Sensing: Characterization of the Sonoran desert as a radiometric calibration target for Earth observing sensors (J. Applied Remote Sensing)

Sensing & Measurement: Roughness measurement of paper using speckle (Optical Engineering)

Solar & Alternative Energy: Simulation of energy harvesting from roads via pyroelectricity (J. Photonics for Energy)

Astronomy

• Alignment and use of the optical test for the 8.4-m off-axis primary mirrors of the Giant Magellan Telescope (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Detectors for the James Webb Space Telescope near infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Exploring the solar system: the view of planetary surfaces with VIS/IR remote sensing methods (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Fabrication and testing of the first 8.4-m off-axis segment for the Giant Magellan Telescope (Proceedings of SPIE)
• The history of telescopes and binoculars: an engineering perspective (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Large Binocular Telescope Adaptive Optics System: new achievements and perspectives in adaptive optics (Proceedings of SPIE) 
• Optical design of a compact imaging spectrometer for planetary mineralogy (Optical Engineering)
• Silicon single photon imaging detectors (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Single-variable parametric cost models for space telescopes (Optical Engineering)
• Survey of cost models for space telescopes (Optical Engineering)

Biomedical Optics & Medical Imaging

• Automatic sound speed selection in photoacoustic image reconstruction using an autofocus approach (J. Biomedical Optics)
• In vivo label-free three-dimensional imaging of zebrafish vasculature with optical projection tomography (J. Biomedical Optics) 
• In vivo low-coherence spectroscopic measurements of local hemoglobin absorption spectra in human skin (J. Biomedical Optics) 
• Laser speckle contrast imaging of cerebral blood flow in freely moving animals (J. Biomedical Optics)
• Microfluidic sensing: state of the art fabrication and detection techniques (J. Biomedical Optics)
• Photoacoustic generation using coded excitation (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Raman spectra and optical coherent tomography images of skin (Proceedings of SPIE) 
• Risk assessment of the application of a plasma jet in dermatology (J. Biomedical Optics)
• Three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography based on the focal-line concept (J. Biomedical Optics)
• Tissue polarimetry: concepts, challenges, applications, and outlook (J. Biomedical Optics)

Defense & Security 

• Advances in hyperspectral LWIR pushbroom imagers (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Effects of hypersonic vehicle's optical dome on infrared imaging (Optical Engineering)
• Geiger-mode ladar cameras (Proceedings of SPIE) 
• Infrared dual-band detectors for next generation (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Laser radar in a system perspective (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Laser radar: from early history to new trends (Proceedings of SPIE)  
• Optical design dependence on technology development (Optical Engineering)
• Review of current aided/automatic target acquisition technology for military target acquisition tasks (Optical Engineering)
• Uncooled infrared detectors toward smaller pixel pitch with newly proposed pixel structure (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Uncooled infrared sensor technology for hostile fire indication systems (Optical Engineering)

 Electronic Imaging & Signal Processing

• Adaptive image acquisition by autodefocusing (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Assessment approach for image mosaicing algorithms (Optical Engineering)
• Autofocus method using dual aperture and color filters (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Compute-unified device architecture implementation of a block-matching algorithm for multiple graphical processing unit cards (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Depth adjustment for stereoscopic images and subjective preference evaluation (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Fusion of thermal- and visible-band video for abandoned object detection (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Image denoising based on adaptive nonlinear diffusion in wavelet domain (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Improved lossless coding algorithm in H.264/AVC based on hierarchical intraprediction and coding-mode selection  (J. Electronic Imaging)
• Scale-adaptive object tracking using color centroids (Optical Engineering)
• Toward a digital camera to rival the human eye (J. Electronic Imaging)

Illumination & Displays 

• Color uniformity in compact LED illumination for DMD projectors (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Construction of an array of LEDs coupled to a concentrator for phototherapy (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Design of a bike headlamp based on a power white-light-emitting diode (Optical Engineering)
• Design of extreme anamorphic laser illumination systems (Proceedings of SPIE) 
• Design of high-efficient freeform LED lens for road illumination (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Energy saving through LED in signaling functions for automotive exterior lighting (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Grid point extraction and coding for structured light system (Optical Engineering)
• Is solid state lighting ready for the incandescent lamp phase-out? (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Liquid-crystal photonic applications (Optical Engineering)
• Three-dimensional display based on the holographic functional screen (J. Photonics for Energy)

• Airclad fiber laser technology (Optical Engineering)
• All-fiber passive coherent combining of high power lasers (Optical Engineering)
• Compact efficient mid-infrared laser source: OP-GaAs OPO pumped by Ho³⁺:YAG laser (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Microfabrication by optical tweezers (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Modal analysis of a large-mode area photonic crystal fiber amplifier using spectral-resolved imaging
• Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG rod laser with output power of 420W at 532nm and 160W at 355nm (Proceedings of SPIE) 
• Real time ammonia detection in exhaled human breath using a distributed feedback quantum cascade laser based sensor (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Short history of laser development (Optical Engineering)
• Single emitter based diode lasers with high brightness high power and narrow linewidth (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Transparent ceramics for high-power solid-state lasers (Proceedings of SPIE)

Micro/Nano Lithography

• EUV lithography at chipmakers has started: performance validation of ASML's NXE:3100 (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Extreme ultraviolet–embedded phase-shift mask (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Extreme-ultraviolet secondary electron blur at the 22-nm half pitch node (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Fabrication of five-layer three-dimensional miniature SU-8 axial fans using ultraviolet lithography (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Impact of post-litho linewidth roughness smoothing processes on the post-etch patterning result (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Materials challenges for sub-20-nm lithography (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Resolution enhancement optimization methods in optical lithography with improved manufacturability (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Source mask polarization optimization (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Technology review and assessment of nanoimprint lithography for semiconductor and patterned media manufacturing (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)
• Toward 22 nm: fast and effective intrafield monitoring and optimization of process windows and critical dimension uniformity (J. Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS)

Nanotechnology

• Combined atomic force microscopy-Raman mapping of electric field enhancement and surface-enhanced Raman scattering hot-spots for nanosphere lithography substrates (J. Nanophotonics)
• Fabrication and realistic modeling of three-dimensional metal-dielectric composites (J. Nanophotonics)
• Limitations and potentials of metamaterial lenses (J. Nanophotonics)
• Nanotechnologies for efficient solar and wind energy harvesting and storage in smart-grid and transportation applications (J. Nanophotonics)
• Optical manipulation of nanoparticles: a review (J. Nanophotonics)
• Optical properties of nanostructured materials: a review (J. Nanophotonics)
• Photonic-plasmonic integration through the fusion of photonic crystal cavity and metallic structure (J. Nanophotonics)
• Preparation of nanostructured ultrathin silver layer (J. Nanophotonics)
• Scattering optics resolve nanostructure (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Ultraviolet electroluminescence from zinc oxide nanorods/deoxyribonucleic acid hybrid bio light-emitting diode (J. Nanophotonics)

Optical Design & Engineering

• Compressed sensing for practical optical imaging systems: a tutorial (Optical Engineering)
• Attack propagation of high-powered intrachannel crosstalk in transparent optical networks (Optical Engineering)
• Design and characterization of an axicon structured lens (Optical Engineering)
• Dwell time algorithm for computer-controlled polishing of small axis-symmetrical aspherical lens mold (Optical Engineering)
• Early advances on rays and refraction: a review through selected illustrations (Optical Engineering)
• Fabrication and testing of the first 8.4-m off-axis segment for the Giant Magellan Telescope (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Imaging system fundamentals (Optical Engineering)
• Integrated modeling for design of lightweight, active mirrors (Optical Engineering)
• New method for designing narrow-band reflecting filters with application in optical integration (Optical Engineering)
• New visualization method for high dynamic range images in low dynamic range devices (Optical Engineering)
• Two-element lenses for military applications (Optical Engineering) 

• Analysis of spectral broadening of incoherent light in optical fibers with nonzero dispersion (Optical Engineering)
• Attack propagation of high-powered intrachannel crosstalk in transparent optical networks (Optical Engineering)
• Deep ultraviolet (254 nm) focal plane array (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Experimental investigation on erbium-doped superfluorescent fiber source by using high-performance erbium-doped fiber for the fiber optic gyroscope (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Improved optical communications performance combining adaptive optics and pulse position modulation (Optical Engineering) 
• Multifunctional ZnO nanostructures: from material growth to novel applications (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Optimizing galvanic pulse plating parameters to improve indium bump to bump bonding (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Quantum well infrared photodetectors: present and future (Optical Engineering)
• Review of optical multiple-input–multiple-output techniques in multimode fiber (Optical Engineering)
• Uncooled infrared detectors toward smaller pixel pitch with newly proposed pixel structure (Proceedings of SPIE)

Remote Sensing

• Absolute radiometric calibration of the RapidEye multispectral imager using the reflectance-based vicarious calibration method (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Adaptive support vector machine and Markov random field model for classifying hyperspectral imagery (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Characterization of the Sonoran desert as a radiometric calibration target for Earth observing sensors (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Coherence-based land cover classification in forested areas of Chattisgarh, Central India, using environmental satellite-advanced synthetic aperture radar data (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Exploring the solar system: the view of planetary surfaces with VIS/IR remote sensing methods (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• High-resolution multispectral satellite image matching using scale invariant feature transform and speeded up robust features (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Mapping rice areas of South Asia using MODIS multitemporal data (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Modeling bistatic spectral measurements of temporally evolving reflected and emitted energy from a distant and receding target (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Multispectral and panchromatic image fusion based on improved bilateral filter (J. Applied Remote Sensing)
• Ocean color patterns help to predict depth of optical layers in stratified coastal waters (J. Applied Remote Sensing)

Sensing & Measurement 

• 25 years of structural monitoring using fiber optic sensors (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Advanced geometric camera calibration for machine vision (Optical Engineering)
• Fast data acquisition for three-dimensional shape measurement using fixed-pattern projection and temporal coding (Optical Engineering) 
• Laser vibration sensing: overview and applications (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Laser vibrometry vibration measurements on vehicle cabins in running conditions: helicopter mock-up application (Optical Engineering)
• Optical three-dimensional metrology with structured illumination (Optical Engineering)
• Process for designing a freeform Fresnel lens (Optical Engineering)
• Recognition methods for 3D textured surfaces (Proceedings of SPIE)
• Roughness measurement of paper using speckle (Proceedings of SPIE)
• The upcoming revolution in ultrasonic guided waves (Proceedings of SPIE)

Solar & Alternative Energy

• 17.2% efficiency multicrystalline solar cells by optimizing structure of the MgF₂/SiN_x double antireflection layer (J. Photonics for Energy)  
• Charge generation dynamics in polymer/polymer solar cells studied by transient absorption spectroscopy (J. Photonics for Energy)  
• Cu₂ZnSnS₄ polycrystalline thin films with large densely packed grains prepared by sol-gel method (J. Photonics for Energy)
• Double plasmonic structure design for broadband absorption enhancement in molecular organic solar cells (J. Photonics for Energy) 
• Nanotechnologies for efficient solar and wind energy harvesting and storage in smart-grid and transportation applications (J. Nanophotonics)
• One-axis tracking holographic planar concentrator systems (J. Photonics for Energy)
• Organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells made from hyperbranched phthalocyanines (J. Photonics for Energy)
• Simulation of energy harvesting from roads via pyroelectricity (J. Photonics for Energy)
• Size- and structure-dependent efficiency enhancement for luminescent solar concentrators (J. Photonics for Energy)
• Spectral separation of sunlight for enhanced operability of photovoltaic cells (J. Photonics for Energy)